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Add-Junk or Instructor?

July 6, 2009

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Whenever Hollywood considers university instruction, it almost always presents cool, edgy professors presenting paradigm-shifting ideas to engaged and attractive students. Barbra Streisand lectured with passionate intensity on literary patriarchy in The Mirror Has Two Faces, Dennis Quaid in the DOA remake made the tenure process lethal, and even Harrison Ford’s Indiana Jones’s students seemed enthralled in Raiders of the Lost Ark. The real world, or at least as close to the real world as academe gets, is often much less cinematic, less flashy and, sadly, not edited as well. It is even worse for adjuncts, for whom the script is often not their own. The adjunct, even more than non-contingent faculty members, often teaches materials that are departmentally mandated, chosen or required. So, how does an adjunct deal with teaching materials over which she has no control?

As contingent faculty, you will have various levels of control over your material. The best of positions will let you practice your expertise with merely a pre-semester submission of your syllabus, book list, etc. These are rare and precious posts. Guard them well.

Most likely, you will have the opportunity to “facilitate” a course whose materials have been centrally chosen (even if that central “committee” is the individual department chair). This facilitation will, unless you are working for a particular university from the Southwest (Arizona), allow you some measure of latitude in which to exercise your creative expertise. You will be allowed to supplement with your own lectures (sometimes), exercises, tests, etc., but usually only to a point. That is, once you have passed the period of observation/probation, you may be able to begin compiling the course materials around your own methods, practices and convictions. These are the not-so rare and precious posts, but they are tolerable. Once you wait out your time, you should be able to pass through the velvet ropes into the Instructor Club, where the music swells, the select few chat and the vibe is pleasant. You will be in charge of your own class.

Then there are those positions where you only facilitate; you do not deviate. The materials are rigidly controlled for “quality,” which means that they are disseminated from a central source, your activities are well monitored, and you will be judged on the quality, quantity and substance of your classroom interaction, which may not sound like it deviates from the norm, but you should keep in mind the nature, tone and tenor of the rubric under which you are being judged. You will use only the approved materials, in the sequence dictated (sometimes even down to the minute), with a customer-pleasing smile. You will be handed a “course packet” with all the materials you need to facilitate with a smile, and you will not be allowed to move outside the rubric the department sets for all its adjuncts. In this case, you will be a marginally paid presenter.

You are, in these positions, stopping just short of asking the students if they would like fries with your grades. Run from these positions. They are not teaching. They are not worth the effort to acclimate into the climate. They will rob you of your individual teaching skill and undermine your confidence in your area of study. If I am still not being clear, do not work for an institution where you have no control over the curriculum. You are an educated mind. You would be better served to wait tables (and probably make more) than to lobotomize yourself for the glory of adjuncting.

Assuming you have landed an adjunct job where you can at least inject some of your own approaches into courses, choose to make the materials as much your own as possible. If you are given a class master set of materials, rewrite them. Take the time, put yourself into the material, even if you are adjusting only the layout. Write the quiz questions, map out the arc of the written assignments, engage the awful material that you wouldn’t have chosen in a million years as if it were your own. Then slowly move it to your own, gradually, semester-by-successful semester. Look for spaces where you can inform, adjust or insert your experience, your approach, your pedagogy, your Self into your materials.

A personal example is in order: There are two basic ways to teach composition. The first is to pair the writing assignments with the reading of literature, most often Canonical. The second is to focus on the Process/steps of writing. There are some, to make a third, who mix the two. My preference, through my years of experience, moves me toward the non-literature method. I don’t think that a composition class can take on both the act of Reading and Writing in one semester, especially if that class is online. I wouldn’t say that it can’t be done, but not very well by me.

One of my colleges presented an “instructor pack” of materials, which included the short story “Once More to the Lake” by E. B. White. The story chronicles the narrator’s journey back to a childhood vacation spot with his own son, which brings out a sudden and intense realization of his own mortality. The last sentence brings this awareness:

"I watched him, his hard little body, skinny and bare, saw him wince slightly as he pulled up around his vitals the small, soggy, icy garment. As he buckled the swollen belt suddenly my groin felt the chill of death."

My online discussion, after serious prompts encouraging the students to continue through the often florid and meandering prose, was ultimately derailed when one confused student asked, “So, the Dad felt like dying when the cold water racked him? Weird.”

Realizing that a rather long, and way-too creatively-interpreted discussion of testicular flight was not the most socially appropriate way to teach style and grammar, I worked to get that reading assignment moved out of the syllabus. I finally reasoned that the comments demonstrated student engagement moving in the wrong direction. Luckily I was working at an institution that allowed deviation from the master class set, and I changed my course materials to move department-mandated pieces of work

No, the current plight of the adjunct professoriate may not align with cinematic ideals of teaching, but with effort and the right administrative structure, you can ease the material into a course that works for both you and your students.

You can be Indiana Jones, whose passion and intensity captivates his class… just leave the whip at home.

Piss Poor Prof is the pseudonym of the blogger Burnt-Out Adjunct. His adjuncting numbers: 11 years, 9 institutions, almost 100 classes, 3 platforms, every conceivable course structure (lecture, online, hybrid, etc.), thousands of students.

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Comments on Add-Junk or Instructor?

  • How does one find out ahead of time?
  • Posted by Sara W on July 6, 2009 at 9:15am EDT
  • Given how difficult it seems to be to land jobs of various sorts in academia - presumably including adjunct positions - I'm curious to know how one would figure out these details about an institution's requirements and expectations without jeopardizing one's chances of getting the job. Would this come up after one's been offered a position?

  • Posted by another adjunct on July 6, 2009 at 2:45pm EDT
  • To Sara W. During your interviews, while you are making eager, bright comments and so forth, "eyes and teeth" as they say, ask what texts are being used, ask about the course outlines, syllabi, etc. When I interviewed, I was a veteran college teacher but had been on the Mommy track for many years--still, I knew about that formal stuff, and expected to be told what text was being used and so forth. I was told I could choose my own text, and would develop my own syllabus, and there was no current course outline (?) but a committee was working on it. Well, it was a great life until the committee got done. NONE of the committee members actually taught Freshman Comp, or wanted to, but they outlined impossible ways to do it for people with little experience (compared to them--all tenured senior faculty). Anyway, I suggest you ask, brightly, about whether all sections use a common text, or whether each instructor may choose, that kind of thing. It gives you an idea of what kind of department it is--free or structured. Now, we still choose our own texts, but we have a new "coordinator" who is a very nice person, but I sigh for the old days when no one seemed to care what we did with the freshmen, as long as the students did not complain to the Dean in large, organized groups, and I could use behavior management techniques to shape their behavior (my doctorate is actually in psychology, with a second MA in English).

    Anyway, keep smiling but ASK all the time cheerfully. If you get the story that this is the required text, maybe it's a good one. But think: If you are going to be micro-managed, you may not really be happy in the job, even if you get it. Remember,the pay is not going to be that great. It's almost okay for a semi-retired person like me, but still, you must keep the rent money and car payments in mind. Not every job offer is worth taking. I love college teaching, but I was sad that my son chose to go to grad school to become a professor. It is not like the old days.

  • Help us give you the freedom you crave
  • Posted by Lloyd Daub , Librarian at Bryant & Stratton College on July 6, 2009 at 9:00pm EDT
  • My college seems to be between 'tolerable' and 'flee,' based on the above highly suspect criteria for judging adjunct positions.

    We give you texts and mandatory assignments, we give you mentoring and weekly assignments and handouts. We give you plenty of time and a space to vent about the poor product of public education sitting in the room before you.

    What we ask for in return, besides your teaching the class like a professional, is your feedback and input to make the class better.

    The rest, so often, is silence.

    If a 'tolerable' institution offers you the chance to turn it into your dream job of running your own class, then how about a little help? Tell us what you think should be asked on the exams and quizzes. Tell us about better textbooks than the ones we have. Share with us your teaching techniques that work. Help us craft the assignments we do have control over. Add links to our virtual library and suggest titles to be added to the physical collection. Our college asks and asks our adjuncts for this.

    Our best adjuncts do these things. The rest read articles like the above and feel good blaming the institution for how restricted their academic freedom is.

  • Wow!
  • Posted by HR Guy at Public Sector on July 6, 2009 at 9:15pm EDT
  • With an attitude like this I'm not surprised this guy's been an adjunct for 11 years.

  • Wow! double-take
  • Posted by WTF on July 7, 2009 at 5:15am EDT
  • Lloyd Daub, do you realize how often adjuncts are expected to be silent? Perhaps your side needs to be a bit more solicitous. One thing you might want to consider is whether the people you are hiring do not trust the school to respect their input. I've known several adjuncts who essentially created courses for departments (complete with syllabi and assignments) who were later not rehired (in some places, that's called being fired).

    And, HR Guy, as someone who probably has never seen the inside a classroom, why don't you go back to your office, with its computer, and your health care plan, and living wages and leave the adjuncts to actually discuss the ways in which cogs like you treat them like garbage? The vast majority of adjuncts in the United States must piecemeal 6-7 courses per term just to make a fraction of your salary. They often have no office, nor access to school resources (like pens, paper clips, photocopies, dignity...), and must often take a significant portion of their meager income to pay for health coverage...all while using their cars and student lounges as their de facto offices to meet with the students who are supposedly the main reasons the school is in business.

    As I am sure you are ignorant of, adjuncts are often very qualified to have a full-time faculty position, but, alas, colleges and universities seem to want to pay for a fleet of Human Resources jockeys in lieu of the premium they should be paying their faculty...ALL of their faculty.

  • Posted by Penny on July 7, 2009 at 11:15am EDT
  • The other side of this coin is the lecturer who wants autonomy in order to present the same course at multiple institutions regardless of the needs of each department. It is easier to do less preparation. When you have lecturers teaching too many courses per semester to make more money, it is enabled by reducing the preparation, something that can be done when departments don't specify course content and don't monitor what adjuncts are doing in the classroom. We also have lecturers who are desperate for work and will accept any course (from a department also desperate to staff a course). They may be unqualified and have no clue how to actually teach that course. That's how you wind up with someone teaching a relationship class using "Women are from Venus, Men are from Mars" instead of a legitimate textbook. Autonomy depends on professionalism that is found in some but not all lecturers.

  • Hmm...
  • Posted by Elisabeth Douglas , Instructor, Department of Media and Communication at University of Leicester on July 7, 2009 at 11:15am EDT
  • It's interesting reading about adjuncting experience in the US. Here in the UK things are quite different. For starters, "adjunct" staff here are hourly paid Master's degree holders, usually PhD students on termly contracts. Healthcare here is free for legal residents so it's not much of an issue (LOL)!!

    My experience so far has been one where the reading lists are provided, but I have the ultimate freedom as to how we approach the themes for each week. I don't get much say on the reading lists, but I do have creative license with teaching techniques. I am also able to direct my students to other texts and resources that are not on the lists, but which might e extremely helpful. I am not allowed anywhere near the final year or Masters students though. I have enjoyed my relationships with the module leaders I have worked with and they have always welcomed my input and given me advice for handling the students.

    It's not nowhere near the responsibilities or creativity of lecturing positions in my view, but I enjoy it. While it would be nicer to be able to have some input into the course material (afterall I am training to one day be a lecturer), I find it a great way to develop my teaching techniques, which often times lose their importance the higher one goes up the academic ladder.

    I have found that a great relationship with the faculty whose modules you are handling goes a long way. An interest in what they do and their experience and advise for dealing with the students entrusted to your care can make a big difference. Faculty are not the nemesis of adjunct staff and I find that this kind of attitude might be the biggest problem. As an adjunct here, I don't get an office either, but I can have coffee meetings with my students, or meet them at the library, and at the staff or student lounges. I get invited to birthdays and I make friends that will stay with me beyond the term. The pay comes in helpful as well.

    I personally feel that if it is as terrible as some of us find it, then perhaps we should be looking for other lines of work we enjoy. Adjuncting is mostly about teaching and can be quite thankless. That said, there are great departments for doing it and if you are not enjoying yourself where you are now, then possibly moving is always an option.

  • "Burnt Out," indeed
  • Posted by Writer , English at Four over the years on July 7, 2009 at 2:30pm EDT
  • The author, as an English "ad-junk" and being "Burnt Out" as he readily admits, should know that the E.B. White piece he references is an essay and not a short story. As for the "florid" prose, and since White is considered by many (myself included) to be a master prose writer, I wonder what he considers non-florid? Just about anything by Tom Wolfe, perhaps? "Burnt Out," it's time to find a new vocation.

  • Take the issues to task, not the nit-picking
  • Posted by BrokeHarvardGrad at Unasked Advice on July 7, 2009 at 3:15pm EDT
  • Seems that those who comment have taken 1 of 2 roads, those who chastise and nit-pick(from the seat of the full-time employee) and those who address the issue that adjuncts rarely get the respect that full-time professors get. I understand the whole difference in education and background between adjuncts and professors, but the class warfare going on has nothing to do with the students and everything to do with bias. It's strange that a librarian and HR guy pick up the moniker to criticize but don't look at the fact that perhaps those lower on the hiring scheme don't want to "be given mandatory materials" to "teach." Perhaps the Writer above could look at the journey the course takes rather than pick apart a story description, or take issue with the way Burnt Out describes prose. Is it really that much of an issue, really?

    The real issues at play include the fact that there is class system in place for the adjuncts, and the adjunct roles are not organic pieces of work that grow into security and tenure (check out my posts on the frequent faculty firings lately regarding instructors speaking out). Realistically, the question is: how many professionals want to be told what they have to teach and then told that they should like it, especially when they can't make a living wage? I think it's important to note that all the full-time people make their wages as a direct result of those adjuncts who earn more money for the university (rather than themselves) by having to accept a pittance pay and shoddy treatment while moving the students through the classes at the same standard (or higher depending on job security) as professors/the protected.

  • Posted by Redbud on July 7, 2009 at 7:00pm EDT
  • As a long-time adjunct in many university programs and modalities, I know change goes one way or the other, toward standards or toward autonomy. Administrators change, programs change, and instructors implement change. 

    In my experience, no matter where a university is on the control spectrum, there have been no secrets about standards, rubrics, requirements, reports, pay, or feedback. Most initiatives are well defined, and each university's culture is shared at faculty gatherings and development activities.

    Mentoring (and visiting as many classrooms as possible) taught me that every instructor brings his/her own experience, style, and resources, even to a standardized or packaged course. Creativity and love of teaching are hard to hide.

    The diversity of programs and constant change in opportunities is OK with some of us continual learners. Every time we climb a hill, our legs get stronger! In the end, it's all about teaching students what they need to know, while earning a good income for a university. 

    Are you learning Moodle yet? 

  • Questions to Consider
  • Posted by HR Guy , HR at Public Sector on July 7, 2009 at 9:30pm EDT
  • 1. To what extent should the college classroom be permitted to become the personal intellectual playground of an individual college professor?

    2. Is an academic institution entitled to define key learning objectives or outcomes, establish common standards, or create a uniform body of knowledge that must be taught by its professors and learned by its students as a condition of earning a degree at that institution?

    3. What should a "buyers market" mean for employers in offering wages and benefits to those who seek employment with them?

    4. When did people give up their free will to decide whether or not they would accept the terms of their employment contracts or working conditions?

    If your life sucks as an adjunct, don't do it. From the stories I've seen in this blog and the comments I've read here, I doubt I'd put up with much of this either. But, apparently, some of you do. That's a self-inflicted torment in my book. My experience was far different and I don't think I'm alone. I wasn't always in HR. I taught freshmen level courses in history and geography for three years as an adjunct at a small rural state college. I had some degree of freedom to do what I wanted subject to the approval of the department head and the curriculum committee. They were great mentors, gave me reasonable parameters, and let me run with it. I had an office that I shared with other adjuncts in the department but we each had our own desk. I was treated with respect, permitted to attend faculty meetings, and made to feel every bit a part of the department. It was a great job and I loved it. It also paid abysmally and had no benefits. I certainly don't blame the college for that. They didn't need to pay or offer any more than what they were offering in order to get the candidates they needed to fill the job. That's basic supply and demand. I was interested in being out of debt, getting married, having children, buying a house, etc. and that wasn't going to happen where I was at. I opened myself up to looking at other opportunities and wound up in HR. Twenty-five years and several institutions later I'm still in HR. It was a great career move in terms of what I was looking for. It also offered me time to work on books and articles in my spare time and even to teach a few courses on the side. When I retire, I'll probably try to go back into an adjunct status and teach for the love of doing so. I'll be able to afford it.

  • Take it or Leave it?
  • Posted by Trexan , Adjunct Spanish Professor at Community College on July 12, 2009 at 5:45am EDT
  • What I appreciate most about HRs last post was the willingness to share what kind of adjunct experience HR had had. Obviously, not all institutions are as inclusive as the one mentioned. For that matter, even within an institution, not all departments/programs/divisions, or whatever level you want to look at, are as inclusive. The issues mentioned are many: 1)class system of adjuncts, 2)free will to accept a teaching assignment or not, 3)cookie-cutter classes, 4)the professionalism of adjuncts (trained or untrained, experience or inexperienced), 5)love of teaching, 6)benefits for students, etc. However, if the bottom line is to present someone with a "Take it or Leave it" attitude -- then we have missed the mark. So, if you're married, but are unhappy, should you take it or leave it? Whatever happened to the third alternative of "working out differences"? Whether someone is a PhD adjunct with years of experience, or a new adjunct with a Master's or other recognized certification necessary for the class assignment offered; whether someone actually has a FT job doing something else and teaches "just for fun", or is highly dependent on every course to etch out a living; whether your program/institution or whatever allows you some freedom of creativity or not; all of these issues demonstrate the need to work on something that is "off balance". No one should be treated like they're expendable, and those that have put in years of dedication to reach their academic goals will surely take offense. However, if those same adjuncts are unwilling or unable to work toward being part of a systematic change, then perhaps such individuals ought to consider other career options. In other words, if you are an adjunct and have a quibble, please network with other adjuncts and see what can be done to address those quibbles. The AAUP is a resource you might want to consider, or read up on efforts posted by the New Faculty Majority. Don't "take it" and "don't leave it" until you have tried everything you can think of to address your situation. BUT, if you continue to put up with the low pay, lack of benefits, or whatever, and don't network with others to find solutions, then don't expect anything to change for you.