News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
March 2, 2006
The University of Wisconsin announced a plan Wednesday that would allow resident assistants to hold Bible study meetings in their dormitory rooms.
The plan was immediately praised by critics of the old policies in place on some Wisconsin campuses, which barred such meetings as an infringement on the separation of church and state, since the R.A.’s are state employees. But advocates for such separation accused the university of caving in to politicians who were portraying the university as having a “Bible ban.” (In fact, no one was ever banned from having Bibles or reading them, and only those who were employed in the dorms had any limits on group religious activities.)
Under the new Wisconsin policy, which is expected to receive formal approval from the Board of Regents, R.A.’s would have the same rights as other students to hold meetings in dormitory rooms. Other students have the right to hold Bible study or religious meetings, so that would now be extended to R.A.’s. A draft of the policy notes that R.A.’s “are students themselves” and so should have the same rights as other students. The new policy would bar R.A.’s from pressuring any other students into participating in any religious activities.
The issue gained prominence in the fall, when an R.A. at the University of Wisconsin at Eau Claire complained that he was barred from organizing religious meetings in his dormitory room. Eau Claire officials noted that he was a state employee, acting as such, in his room. But national groups quickly publicized the “Bible ban” and the university announced a plan to review the policy, which resulted in the draft released Wednesday.
The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, which criticized the old policy, embraced the new one, saying that it was “what the First Amendment demands.”
Others think that the First Amendment demands the old policy. Annie Laurie Gaylor, co-president of the Freedom From Religion Foundation, said that the university is “capitulating completely” and that students will lose out as a result.
Gaylor noted that her group does not oppose R.A.’s who pray or read the Bible by themselves, who organize Bible study at churches, or who answer questions about their beliefs. She said, however, that there was something different about a state employee using state facilities for religious purposes.
She noted an article in The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel that quoted a student who was approached by an R.A. about going to a Bible study session, and was then given a Bible by the R.A. after he turned down the invitation. The student was quoted as saying that the incident made him feel uncomfortable.
“R.A.’s are state employees who have authority over other students and the state is subsidizing their dorm rooms,” Gaylor said. “The university should stand up for the secular atmosphere there.”
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Since the Bill of Rights, one of them being freedom of religion and another the freedom of speech, the country has done alright, that is, up til now. It has not been perfect, but there has not been state run persecution of one religion over another until now. The persecution of “any relgious” activity seems to have gained favor under the guise of “political correctness".
As I see it, the Bill of Rights allows someone to attend or not attend, offer or not offer, accept or refuse the opportunity to attend, to participate in a religious activity and most of all speak freely. (It does not restrict it from Government of school property)
It seems now that if a person is offended by someone else’s activity, feels uncomfortable by another’s activity or made to feel social pressure, the complaint is made to the “powers that be” in the situation and they “run scared” for fear of a lawsuit.
There is and always will be the potential for any person to be in a minority situation in terms of his or her belief. That is life. That is the right of anyone — to hold a minority opinion. Part of what goes along with that at times is uncomfortable. So what. That is a choice we all must make in terms of our own beliefs.
The government at all levels should stop trying to build social and religious “safety air bags” for everyone in the society. As long as a religious activity is not “required” by the state, school or its employees, ruling bodies should stay out of it.
I might note that a comparison with Islamic States such as Pakistan is significant. There, some violations of religious laws have the death penalty. in fact, in other countries, some small relgious groups have to meet in secret to avoid punishment. Imagine government or school restrictions that might cause that to happen in the USA. ie. Headline: “Students meet in secret religious study sessions to avoid school punishment”
Having the freedom of religion will always have friction between some parties. It is better than the government and school board restrictions that reduce the freedom of individuals to express their right of “freedom of religion” and the “right to assemble” under the constitution.
I am very tired of this politically correct movement.
Tired of Politically Correct, at 9:05 am EST on March 2, 2006
“Thus the rule must cover everyone equally.”
Except that non-RAs tend to pay for their room, which typically (unlike things such as in-state tuition) is not heavily subsidized by the state. And unlike scholarship students, the provision of a dorm room by the college (as opposed to apartment rent) is a sine qua non for the job. That, coupled with the RA’s role, is what makes it troubling. In a sense, it is akin to a psychologist hired by a college arguing that he can hold church services in his office while recruiting patients to his congregation.
While the RA has free exercise rights, requiring other arrangements places a minimal infringement on those rights. He or she can easily hold meetings in other parts of the dorm or allow others to host. And before someone claims that religious campus activities are being discriminated against, think for a second. How many times did your chess club meet or the tennis team practice in a RA’s room?
Just me, at 9:40 am EST on March 2, 2006
In their role as students, the RA’s were being discriminated against because other students were allowed to meet for Bible study (and, I hope, that students of other faiths are allowed to meet for the purposes of their religion as well). Their role as RA’s does muddy the waters a bit, but I think the university did the right thing. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 guarantees the right of religious expression.
The RA’s do need to be aware of the rights of their fellow students. If anyone, student or fellow RA, indicates that they do not want to join the Bible study, or discuss religion at all, the door is closed and the RA cannot revisit the subject with that person — unless that person initiates a conversation. This is nothing new, either. It is supported by case law and federal guidelines.
Everyone needs to be aware of their right of religious expression and the guidelines for expressing their religious beliefs in the workplace and their school.
Tom McCool, at 9:40 am EST on March 2, 2006
Yes, I agree with people who say these “RA” people should be able to host their religious meetings. HOWEVER, in my experience, particularly in religious affiliates in United States, when given a centimeter, a meter is taken. In as much I mean that when I visit campus in US I have once been stopped and invited to such “Bible study.” I say, “No, thank you.” The person reply that I would be “better” for coming to the Bible study. I say, “No, thank you.” The person then tell me that I will be “worse” for NOT coming to the Bible study. That is not friendly or nice to say to me. They mean no harm to me, but it seem to me that questions of religion in United States is never about what actually is minor problem, is always a doorway into bigger issue that certain group wish to have addressed. Remind me of Plessy versus Ferguson case in US Civil Rights. The issue was absolutely not only about where one could sit in a train. If issue at hand was hosting Bible study in room, why not, as earlier posting say, hold in a different room, or have a different host. If the Bible study has only one person in group there is no one to host other than “RA,” however, there is also no one to study with.
Gregoriy Ermolaevich Morgunov, China, We Got Next, at 11:15 am EST on March 2, 2006
It’s interesting to compare IHED’s current articles about religious liberty and nondiscrimination at the University of Charleston with this piece about the RAs at Wisconsin. I couldn’t help but notice that IHED labeled the Charleston academic chair proposal as “illegal,” while treating the legitimacy of the existing Wisconsin R.A. policy as an open question. If F.I.R.E. is correct, the Wisconsin policy is clearly just as illegal as this web journal proclaims the Charleston policy to have been.
I’m curious about why IHED found it so easy to come to a firm conclusion about legality in the former case, and finds it so difficult to make up its mind in the latter case.
ClioSmith, Associate Professor at Trinity Bible College, at 12:10 pm EST on March 2, 2006
The reasoning behind the original policy was that the RAs are representing their employer the state, which itself should not endorse one religion over another. I agree that if they therefore are considered to be on the job 24/7 then they ought to be paid for every second.
That the University provides their housing is a red herring: Privacy and basic dignity demand that their living quarters and their workplace (the rest of the dorm) be separate.
Samwise, at 12:40 pm EST on March 2, 2006
Isn’t it a stretch to call RAs state employees? To carry that to an extreme, would it be ethical for a state employee to use their state provided room to engage in romantic activities? As a former student housing director, I’m glad to see common sense prevail in this case.
bob smietana, at 5:30 pm EST on March 2, 2006
RAs have authority over dorm residents. Just as a professor should not take advantage of his position to influence impressionable students, or seduce them, neither should an RA. Having Bible study in one’s room when it would be possible to attend Bible study in the dorm’s lounge opens the possibility for religious seduction. If it is not unconstitutional, it is certainly unethical.
Hoseph Duemer, Professor at Clartkson, at 9:30 pm EST on March 2, 2006
“Religious seduction"??!!! You have got to be joking! Why do educated people insist on talking as if religion is something “dirty” or distasteful? That has got to be the best example of false analogy I have every seen.
Cato, Prof., at 10:55 am EST on March 3, 2006
Actually, religion is often dirty and distasteful. Look at a newspaper. Or check the Old Testament. (A handy site for the dirtier and more distasteful bits is www.thebricktestament.com, a brilliant retelling of Bible storys using Lego blocks.)
Bogolov, at 12:45 pm EST on March 3, 2006
No. Religious people are often dirty or say and do distasteful things (human flaw is the starting point of most religions). That is a very different matter than the tendency to treat religion itself as “dirty” or “best kept in private.” The events you refer to in the Old Testament are a record of humanity’s frequent errors and its ultimate need for redemption. Academics ought to be able to make such obvious distinctions.
Terms like “religious seduction” erroneously and without foundation of evidence assume that all attempts to share a faith are pernicious and self-serving. That’s just simply bigotry.
Cato, Prof., at 1:45 pm EST on March 3, 2006
I don’t believe you should artificially separate the believers from their religion. Religion is not some pure platonic idea – it is what is actually in people’s heads. Religious people often behave despicably precisely because of what they believe – the true hypocrite is rare. An obvious example: If I absolutely believe that you will go to hell and suffer eternal torment unless you convert to “my” religion, I would be ethically compelled to do practically ANYTHING to accomplish your conversion (you’ll thank me for it in heaven). My actions would not be “pernicious” or “self-serving” (in my own mind, anyway). Nevertheless it is this sort of absolutist thinking that causes much of the suffering in the world.
Anyway, a student who allows a RA to “seduce” him into religion is probably inclined that way in the first place – honestly I don’t believe it’s a big deal – if it didn’t happen there it would somewhere else. My recollection of dorm life (many decades ago) is that the RAs were pretty annoying people in the first place. Right-thinking students avoided them.
Bogolov, at 3:35 pm EST on March 3, 2006
Part of the “trick” is ‘when does the typical student on this RA’s floor know when the RA is acting in his/her function as RA and when is s/he acting as a student?The reality is that 99% of students view their RA as the RA — they carry that identity with them even when not technically on job.
RAs typically are supposed to be available, respect diverse beliefs and be approachable to all their residents as part of their job. If any activity an RA engages in impacts their ability to do their job (in this case be available, respect diverse beliefs and approachable) the supervisor can hold them accountable for this. However, establishing what a ‘reasonable standard’ for amount of Bible study time in RA’s room is acceptable versus impacting RA’s ability to carry out core job functions listed above is certainly up for debate.
fedo, at 5:45 am EST on March 8, 2006
The issue of church and state aside, RAs hosting bible studies in their rooms raises other issues. If one important RA role is to promote, acceptance, and understanding, how are these sessions going to be perceived by the residents? Will a resident hesitate to contact his/her RA with questions or problems about sex, drinking, sexual persuasion? Will a resident feel judged (regardless of the reality) if their parents are divorced? Will a resident hide their need for prescription drugs or therapy? Will his/her politics preclude them from feeling accepted? Will there be a perception that residents attending these sessions are favored? Will a Muslim, Jewish, atheist or Morman student feel shut out by someone who is suppose to be their first line of support in the hall? It is becoming more and more difficult to engage residents in traditional programming and roommate/suitemate conflicts are on the rise. Why in the world would we want to invite more isolation? Yes, everyone has a choice, but is it your experience that the average freshman, in particular, has the emotional development, to acknowledge this act of freewill (choosing or no choosing to attend the session) without judging or feeling judged?
Mobius, at 10:20 am EST on March 8, 2006
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Bible Belt?
Shouldn’t this issue be causing riots and protests?
OK, lets follow the rule’s logic all the way. Since every student in the dorm is subsidized by state and federal funds (for the naive, even the out-of-state student paying ultra-high tuition out of his or her own pocket does not cover the actual costs), so, while not paid, they are subsidized. Thus the rule must cover everyone equally. Second, do these RAs get paid 24/7? If so, I bet they are very happy (at 6.00 an hour, that is 16,000 per semester, for 12 months, its about 53,000). Nice job. You know, the employer-employee situtation never seems to be a two way street. The RA is paid to complete specific tasks. Once those tasks are finished, the RA is a student. If the pay is 24/7/52, then that may be a different story. My guess is that it is not.
Off to the riots.
MDG, at 9:00 am EST on March 2, 2006