News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
April 27, 2006
The president of Pennsylvania State University has overturned a decision by its School of Visual Arts to call off a student art exhibit that criticizes Palestinian terrorist groups.
The director of the school, Charles Garoian, called off the show days before it was to have started, saying that it did not promote diversity and that it might violate Penn State’s regulations against harassment and discrimination. After several days of campus debate, during which Hillel reported receiving anti-Semitic phone calls, President Graham Spanier told the Faculty Senate this week that the exhibit would take place.
In an e-mail interview, Spanier said: “Penn State does not and will not censor artwork. I wanted to make this perfectly clear to everyone. Crossing that line would compromise so many of the fundamental values of academe.”
While the student, Joshua Stulman, is pleased that he will be able to show his work, he remains angry that the head of an academic division tried to block his work because of its content. The director of the Penn State Hillel, while praising Spanier for intervening, is also demanding a public apology for what has happened, saying that the art school’s conduct was “pathetic and morally repugnant.”
Stulman, an art major, has been working on his series of 10 paintings for two years. He said he was prompted to do so by an art school showing of a pro-Palestinian film that Stulman thought distorted some issues. He said that rather than argue against the film being shown, he decided to attend, and then to work on his own art to express another point of view.
His paintings cover such topics as the backgrounds of Palestinian leaders, the impact of terrorism on Israelis, and the way mothers of suicide bombers are honored by Palestinians. Stulman said that he believed that terrorism was supported “only by a minority of Muslims, a minority of Palestinians,” but that it was important to be able to criticize that minority. (A photograph of one of the paintings is online, at the end of an article in Penn State’s student newspaper.)
In an e-mail message canceling the show, Garoian said that he was doing so after reviewing various policies, including Penn State’s statement against discrimination and harassment and the university’s “Zero Tolerance for Hate” policy. While his letter calling off the show did not cite any specifics, he had earlier questioned Stulman about images showing a Hamas faction using a Nazi-style salute.
The art school, Garoian wrote, “is committed to promoting cultural diversity and assuring opportunities for democratic dialogue within the context of its classrooms and its exhibition spaces. I believe that Josh’s work does not promote those tenets.”
After the student paper started to write about the controversy, Garoian sent another e-mail saying that his only concern was that Hillel was co-sponsoring the event and that outside sponsorship violated the rules. Stulman said that this was disingenuous because Hillel agreed only to supply some refreshments for a reception, had done so for a previous exhibit, and had made known its willingness to help out. Stulman said that Garoian was trying to get around his earlier objections to the content of the show, noting that Hillel supplying some snacks could hardly violate Penn State’s harassment rules.
The comments about Hillel, then reported in the Penn State area, led to a series of anti-Semitic phone calls to Hillel and its executive director, Tuvia Abramson. He said he has been receiving harassing calls along the lines of “can’t you Jews follow the rules?” Abramson said that the art school has tried to scapegoat Hillel. He also noted that he has still not seen the paintings Stulman can now show, and that Hillel supports Jewish students with a range of views about Israel and other issues.
Garoian did not respond to requests to talk for this article. Some letter writers to The Daily Collegian, the student paper, backed his decision. Aqsa Ahmad, a junior at Penn State, wrote: “The whole idea of free speech is understandable, but when it comes to hurting or poking fun of another religion, discrimination and hate come into play. Stulman’s exhibit may have been directed toward Palestinians, but because Islam promotes the idea that everyone is each other’s sister or brother, all Muslims become victims of this propaganda.”
Other letters expressed anger that the exhibit had been called off. Steve Meneogzzi, a senior, questioned why students weren’t allowed “to form their own opinions of the paintings.” He added that students should express “outrage” over the censorship of the show because “otherwise, in a few years, the only Penn State-approved paintings will be of the whole world holding hands under a rainbow.”
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Penn State President Graham Spanier is to be congratulated for some good common sense. On the other hand, Charles Garoian, the director of the Art School, and cultural bully boy, should be removed from his position for his tactics in canceling this show.
Penn State needs to look at what it’s faculty is doing. First, the womens basketball coach, Rene Portland, is counseled for her obvious homophobia. Then the Art School director, arbitrarily decrees certain art work “offensive” when it is nothing of the kind. I viewed the painting online and it is not offensive in the least.
There seems to be this weird streak of academic fascism running through many of our colleges today. It exists on the far right and far left and is the point of intersection for fringe cultural nutcases like Charles Garoian and Rene Portland, or Wade Churchill and Sean Hannity.
Thank goodness for people like the President of Penn State.
feudi pandola, at 8:16 am EDT on April 27, 2006
I must comment on one of the loopier, and dangerous, statements quoted in this article. Aqsa Ahmad, a junior at Penn State, states “Stulman’s exhibit may have been directed toward Palestinians, but because Islam promotes the idea that everyone is each other’s sister or brother, all Muslims become victims of this propaganda.” I’m wondering if this sharing of experience extends to the actions of suicide bombers, which is a crime in this country. Of course, felony acts, as opposed to artworks, are not supported by free speech laws. And if Mr. Ahmad’s statement does indicate this connection, whether Mr. Ahmad, a student and presumbably a citizen of the United States, should be arrested for his involvement in such crimes? Or does Mr. Ahmad pick and choose the direct connections that he shares with other Muslims that causes him to support the suppression of free speech in certain cases like this one? If Mr. Ahmad does lend support to suicide bombers, of any kind, then of course at the very least he should be immediately expelled from Penn State for his support of such felonies.
Gary, at 9:40 am EDT on April 27, 2006
Congratulations to art student Joshua Stulman. He decided not to protest against the showing of a pro-Palestinian film. Instead, he created his own show. That is how free speech should work: allow the other guy to have his say and then have your own say. And congratulations to President Spanier for upholding this free specch value.
Aron Tannenbaum, Professor at Lander University, at 10:05 am EDT on April 27, 2006
It is scary that Aqsa Ahmad cannot differentiate between Palestinian Islamist terrorists who slaughter innocent Israelis (Jewish and Arab Israelis alike) and Islam as a whole. To him, an attack on Palestinians (he does not use the word ‘terrorists’) is an attack on Muslims. A frightening development considering Ahmad is a college student in the United States and should be able to acknowledge the importance of free expression and to identify terrorism.
Colin, at 10:05 am EDT on April 27, 2006
While Larry’s comments on free speech are apreciated, his comment that Muslims should have nudity and wine in an art exhibit is inappropriate. This kind of bigotry hardly lends itself to any real communication between the West and Islam. Perhaps Larry should also advocate wine and nudity at the next art exhibit at Bob Jones University or Liberty College! Keep it up Larry. Comments like your just pour more gasoline on the fire.
John F. DeFelice, Associate Professor of History at University of Maine at Presque Isle, at 10:25 am EDT on April 27, 2006
Professor DeFelice, I write to respond to the suggestion that I am a bigot. I am not. In fact, I recently won an award for my work on behalf of the cause of “not being a bigot.”
Moreover, I certify that if I was not married I would have no compunction against dating someone of any race or religion who was female (provided that they were my age, fun-loving, and liked the same things that I did). I hope that this proves that I am not a bigot. In fact, I briefly dated a Palestinian who wasn’t nearly as uptight as you. We broke up because she didn’t like my rants about Linux. Also, I am kind to animals.
Second, there is some debate within Islam whether wine is absolutely prohibited. Whatever the case, lots of Muslims drink alcohol, and some even own establishments that sell liquor. If you are denying that free wine would entice people to coming to a art show, then I think you are either naive or just don’t want people to come to your art openings.
Third, I also think that there isn’t an absolute prohibition against nudity in Islam as well. (Though I admit that I am a little hazy on the details here.) But, whatever the case, if Mr. Ahmad wants to get out his political message, he can’t do it in a way that will bore or drive away the vast majority of people out there that like booze and nudity. I mean, who is going to want to see his message (which I will assume is not “look at me, I associate with bad people”) if it is boring? He needs to jazz it up. (I have a few suggestions for slogans. How about “We put the FUN in FUNDAMENTALISM"?
Fourth, there is plenty of wine and nudity at Bob Jones. They don’t need my help.
Larry, at 11:15 am EDT on April 27, 2006
Hey Larry ... how about “We put the DAME in FUNDAMENTALISM"?
Billy Bob, at 1:50 pm EDT on April 27, 2006
As a graduate of Penn State, I would like to thank President Spanier for preventing the attempts at censorship. And I would like to express my disgust with the individuals in the Penn State/Centre County community responsible for the anti-Semitism expressed in regard to this controversy. This is an unfortunate incident on campus. Hopefully the results will lead to more dialogue, understanding and the increased exchange of opinions, and not increased division, on campus.
I would, however, also like to express some frustration with those who read this article and focused solely on the comments made in The Daily Collegian by one student, Aqsa Ahmad. After reading Mr. Ahmad’s brief letter, I cannot comment on his personal, political, or religious beliefs. How can any of the individuals making comments in this forum even attempt to do so? It is simply unfair, irresponsible and presumptuous.
Additionally, it is unfortunate to read the thinly veiled anti-Muslim sentiment expressed in these comments. Larry states, “if Muslims want to dispel the idea that they are all ‘brothers’ in terrorism they are welcome to do so”. Must we (Larry? The US? The “west”?) make Muslims (as a whole? as individuals?) dispel the notion that they are brothers in terrorism? Colin writes, “to him, an attack on Palestinians (he does not use the word ‘terrorists’) is an attack on Muslims”. Yes Colin, Mr. Ahmad refers to Palestinians and not terrorists. It may come as a surprise to Colin, but there are Palestinians who are not terrorists. Just like there are female Tamils who are not suicide bombers in Sri Lanka, or Catholic men in Northern Ireland who were not members of the IRA, or Americans who do not support the foreign policies of this country. The list could go on. So let’s please move beyond these generalizations and work towards a critical yet open dialogue about such issues.
Jon, PSU Alum, at 2:45 pm EDT on April 27, 2006
And you can’t have fundamentalism without dim sum.
Larry, at 2:50 pm EDT on April 27, 2006
Logic dropouts? Perhaps so:
“His paintings cover such topics as the backgrounds of Palestinian leaders, the impact of terrorism on Israelis, and the way mothers of suicide bombers are honored by Palestinians. Stulman said that he believed that terrorism was supported “only by a minority of Muslims, a minority of Palestinians,” but that it was important to be able to criticize that minority.”
Palestinians (in general?) honor mothers of suicide bombers? If true, it seems that Stulman is quite generous to the liberal fault of splitting hairs, no?
Must be a “Hee Haw” somewhere in all extremist beliefs Larry; whether fundamentally reactionary or radically separatist/indivualist.
Dr. F. Gump, at 9:05 pm EDT on April 27, 2006
It’s always seemed obvious, to me at least, that censorship is bad. It is especially bad when censorship is used not to protect citizens, but FEELINGS. Have we really become so PC that ‘feelings’ are now more important than principles of right and wrong?
Eric, at 8:30 am EDT on April 28, 2006
The art school, Garoian wrote, “is committed to promoting cultural diversity and assuring opportunities for democratic dialogue within the context of its classrooms and its exhibition spaces. I believe that Josh’s work does not promote those tenets.
How did an “art school” acquire this particular political mission, as opposed to the mission of training people to draw, paint, and sculpt? Did the Pennsylvania legislature grant a charter to the ‘art school’ to do this?
What expertise does Mr. Garoian possess that he should be paid an agreeable salary by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to ‘promote cultural diversity and democratic dialouge’? Would the Pennsylvania legislature have ever explicitly appropriated a sum of money to hire an ‘arts administrator’ who doubles as as a sort of group-therapy/focus group leader?
Does the task of ‘promoting cultural diversity and democratic dialogue’ have any operational measures of competence?
Who planted in the mind of the student in question the notion that one should forego the written exposition in favor of a work of art in the advancement of a political or historical thesis?
If art is to be an instrument in this way, why am I not permitted to promote cultural homogeneity and royalist monologue with my art (or ‘art’), courtesy the taxpayers of Pennsylvania?
Art Deco, at 6:50 am EDT on April 29, 2006
Wow, they give away Not-Being-A-Bigot awards? Can I get one? And I’d also qualify for Not-Being-A-Brunette and Not-Having-Three-Legs.
Now, on topic:
To the person that said “Censorship is bad,” well done. If someone felt the need in a discussion about racism to say “Yeah, well racism is bad,” then I would just assume that they lost whatever viewpoint they had in the discussion and should order another latte.
Still, it had to be said. Censorship IS bad, it results in a watering-down of the debate pool. At least Penn State went through the appropriate channels in closing this exhibition. I can think of at least two recent examples where galleries and universities have simply removed the artworks in question without either the permission or the knowledge of the curator of the exhibition or even the artist whose work it is. In both cases, the artists still have not had their artwork returned to them, and one is facing possible legal action. THIS is censorship. The fact that a Federal MP is thinking of introducing a new law especially for Australian artist Azlan Mclellan is the first step on a slippery slope. So I laud all of you in your discussions and coffeeshop conversations. The fact that we can talk about it means all is not yet lost.
Man, I could do with some dim sum. If they gave out dim sum at shows, man, I’d be the biggest supporter of the arts scene there ever was.
And Larry, you’re trolling now, play nice. I would also probably break up with you for your rants about linux but that’s because I don’t like having to run a screen-long line of code to open up my damn browser window.
Yours hand in hand under a rainbow, A now complicit bystander.
An “innocent” bystander, some Australian university, at 10:50 pm EDT on June 12, 2006
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sad story, happy ending
Although this story has a happy ending, it is quite tragic. It is cute that Garoian keeps changing his rationale, but it is even cuter that fine arts departments claim to have some degree of moral superiority when it comes to the free flow of “ideas.” Finally, Mr. Ahmad needs to get used to the US, and understand that the benefit of free speech is being able to hurt people, and if Muslims want to dispel the idea that they are all “brothers” in terrorism they are welcome to do so, too. I suggest that he hold an art show. (Hint: if you want to get more people to come to your art show, be sure and include some nudity and distribute free wine.)
Larry, at 7:40 am EDT on April 27, 2006