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Religion in Residence

This week, an excited group of Protestant clergy members and nonprofit officials broke ground on a new and unusual dormitory project that will serve the University of Wisconsin at Madison. Once constructed, the building will allow just under 300 students to live in an environment that is supportive of spirituality and religion, say organizers.

The $17 million private dorm will be one of a handful of religious-inspired residence halls serving college students at public institutions. Organizers with the Pres House, a student religious center operated by the Presbyterian Church, have been striving to launch the endeavor for the past 10 years. Any student will be able to apply for a spot in the dorm, regardless of his or her denomination or belief in God. Selection will be based on a first come, first served basis.

Student interest in spirituality has motivated the efforts, according to Mark Elsdon, co-pastor and executive director of Pres House. He pointed to a 2005 study conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute of the University of California at Los Angeles, which indicated that a majority of students consider religious and spiritual matters to be an important part of their lives.

“I think there’s a real need for a supportive spiritual community,” says Eldson. “We’re trying to make a large university smaller and meaningful.” Optional programs allowing for open talk about religion and spirituality will also be offered.

Gregory Roberts, executive director of the American College Personnel Association, said that such efforts should be applauded. “I’m an advocate of American colleges and universities embracing faith and spiritual development,” he said. “I think that many students want an environment where they can explore their faith.”

While organizers say that they’ve received a range of student and faculty member support for the project, the privately funded endeavor has still caused concern among some members of the progressive city in Wisconsin.

“We’re not happy about faith-based anything,” said Anne Nicole Gaylor, founder and president emerita of the Freedom From Religion Foundation. “When you introduce religion into a public school environment, you are going to build walls between students.

“It seems exactly the opposite of what a university should be,” added Gaylor. “Religion is closed.”

Randy Bare, who organized a similar Presbyterian dorm near the University of California at Berkeley in 2003, said that it hasn’t divided students since it opened.

Bare added that students at Berkeley’s Westminster House tend to use alcohol and drugs less than their counterparts at university-sponsored dorms. “Students and parents are attracted because there’s an assumption that alcohol and drugs won’t be an issue,” said Bare. He did note that having a spirituality focused dorm is not a panacea for such problems, however.

Eldson said that there would be rules against using alcohol in the Madison dorm. Sexual habits of students would not be monitored, he added.

As such projects become more common, Bare anticipates that more colleges and universities will look toward help from faith-based organizations in efforts to ease the crowding of university-sponsored dorms.

Rob Capriccioso

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Comments

I’d be very interested to know...

...whether those who oppose these spiritually-themed dorms also oppose race- and ethnicity-based dorms as divisive.

Publius, at 12:05 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

faith dorm

Wouldn’t it be wonderful if this could become an interfaith rather than just a faith dorm? It would require active recruitment of students from a variety of faiths (including perhaps some international students) rather than just being “open” to all. But a semester or a year in a dorm that included Moslems, Christians, Jews, Unitarians, Buddhists, Hindus and others and aimed at their explaining their beliefs and practices to others could potentially be more valuable than a semester or year abroad.

barbara, at 12:10 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

Necessary

It is sad that it is necessary to build a seperate building in order to have tolerance for the mainstream religion in America from the academy’s attacks.

Kevin, Undergraduate, at 12:25 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

Faith Dorm?

In response to Barbara’s wish that there’d be a dorm with “students from a variety of faiths": Aren’t most dorms this way?

Publius, at 12:40 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

If fraternities are okay, why in’t this? The dorm appears to be off-campus housing that was built with private money. Unlike a fraternity it will welcome anyone who applies first, and there won’t be any hazing or required events.

Marge, at 2:35 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

The presence of such dorms on campus should and does raise concerns about public institutions establishing/encouraging religion. These concerns can be met, depending on the facts, by the University adhering to a clear policy of neutrality concerning the content of dorms. Dorms based on other subjects dot the land, and religion is a proper subject of inquiry. Thus, the University may allow a dorm dedicated to non-denominational religious pursuits, so long as it does so on the same terms upon which it allows other subject based dorms to exist, and so long as the institution itself does not actively promote such dorms.

The more interesting question is whether the University may deny the establishment of such a dorm because of its concerns about the establishment clause. This raises the question of whether student groups who want to establish such dorms are entitled to the same rights as non-religious based dorms, regardless of what policy the University adopts. In my view, this is a more difficult question, and one which I am still considering. The particular facts in each case will be important.

A related question is to what extent public universities may stipulate certain conditions for how religious dorms operate. Proper conditions designed to protect the line between free exercise of religion and anti-establishment would appropriate.

Donald Downs, Professor of Political Science at University of Wisconsin, at 3:55 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

faith dorms

In response to Publius — sure, many dorms are “interfaith", (although in my experience ethnic groups, including international students, have a tendency to form their own enclaves), but they are not in dorms that students choose in order to discuss issues of faith and that are staffed by people trained to help students deal with such issues and the conflicts that sometimes arise.

barbara, at 3:55 pm EDT on June 23, 2006

Publius, Let me make it perfectly clear on a personal level, dorms based on religion OR race or ethnicity are unacceptable. Both of them send a message to students that it is okay to relate only to one’s one kind, and that people need not make an effort to get along with others.

On a constitutional level, the religious dorms might raise some issues. Obviously endorsement of one religion over another is unacceptable under the establishment clause (though some think the establishment clause doesn’t apply to the states, they are in the minority.) However, this seems to be telling agnostics and atheists that they are not welcome in certain dorms. In fact, it would seem that only members of an organized religion are welcome. Making the problem even more difficult, is once a college makes a judgment on whether a certain belief is a part of a religion, the college has endorsed a religion. (Most of the “questioned” “Lemmon Test” is not applicable to institutions of higher education, so even though it might be falling into disfavor, it isn’t worth discussing.)

Larry, at 12:20 pm EDT on June 24, 2006

Hmmm

I’m glad to see that religion is making a comeback, but I’m with Larry here: I think that religious students (and black students, etc.) should live with students of other outlooks (complexions and so on). This may be beneficial to the non-religious, by the way.

That being said, I should point out that I am in sympathy with religious students who feel offended by the kinds of behavior that goes on in dorms and to which the authorities turn a blind eye. I went to college back in the mid 1960s, when dorms were segregated by sex. I feel sorry for girls having to live on the same floor with guys (sharing a bathroom with them: ugh!). It was a pleasant environment, and we even got some studying done.

goethe girl, at 6:25 pm EDT on June 24, 2006

But Goethe, Isn’t the problem that the school is recruiting “guys” that make it difficult to study. For my mind, there is no reason that women study less than men. (Indeed, in my experience in a co-ed dorm, without sororities, women were far less studious than men. Any place with sororities is essentially a wasteland when it comes to intellectual activity.)

Religious students need to deal with “offensive” behavior, too. They can’t live their lives avoiding realities that don’t jive with their religion. That said, nobody should force their lifestyle upon another.

Larry, at 11:25 pm EDT on June 24, 2006

Completely Out Of It!

The more I read the comments to essays in InsideHigherEd, the more I realize I am simply “out of it.“

Kevin writes, “It is sad that it is necessary to build a seperate building in order to have tolerance for the mainstream religion in America from the academy’s attacks.“

I have been teaching for forty-five years — and was even a pre-ministerial student as an undergraduate — and I have yet to see academy’s attacks on mainstream religion. Indeed, for every statement I’ve heard by an academic “attacking” mainstream religion, I’m quite certain I’ve heard dozens by those who consider themselves religious attacking the academy.

I am hopeful that goethe girl was just a bit careless when she wrote, “I’m glad to see that religion is making a comeback …”

For fairly strong evidence that it’s never been away, read Kevin Phillips’ “American Theocracy.” Religion is not only in the American here and now, it has been dominating just about everything important to us for quite some time.

And about being sympathetic toward religious students who are “offended by the kinds of behavior that goes on in dorms” and the fact that “authorities turn a blind eye [to it],” I’m sympathetic toward anyone, religious, agnostic, atheist, and even the ubiquitous spiritual but not religious who have to put up with that outrageous behavior.

RWH, at 6:35 am EDT on June 25, 2006

What Ms Gaylor and Larry both seem to misunderstand is that the religious dorm at UW is not being built by the state of Wisconsin. It is being built by private owners, with private money. The state is not establishing anything here, certainly not a religion. I would presume that university services, such as phone, internet, cable TV, and security would be purchased by the owners for the facility, just as they are by many landlords in proximity to universities. Gaylor and Larry seem to forget also that the other half of the religious guarantees in the Constitution are the guarantees to freedom of exercise. If the state is not funding it, the state has no say over it.

Mick, at 2:45 pm EDT on June 26, 2006

response to Mick

Mick, Just because a private entity pays for a dorm does not mean that there are no First amendment concerns. I did not say that there were necessarily establishment clause concerns, but depending on the relationship between the dorm and the school, they might run into trouble. While the dorm has been very careful, it seems to not discriminate against specific religions, they seem to be doing their best to avoid running afoul of the state’s public accommodation law.

Indeed, I think if you reread my above post, you will see that I do not generally disapprove of this project. (I do quibble with the assertion that girls and religious folks are more studious. From personal experience, I think that atheists and boys are better students.)

The “play in the joints” between the establishment clause and the free-exercise clause is probably not at issue here. (I think this is what you are referring to.) It is true that people are generally free to worship as they please, but when they start writing checks and asking for the cooperation of the state, their free exercise is eclipsed by the state’s ability to avoid first amendment disputes. (As described in Locke v. Davey.)

Larry, at 3:35 pm EDT on June 26, 2006

Which religion is the dorms

I am curious as to how “religion” will be defined in the “religious” dorm. Must you embrace a certain specific faith to be accepted? Will minority religions be welcomed? Will this dorm truly meet a need for spiritually-inclined people to come together, or will it be another way to exclude those who do not adhere to a particular religious point of view?

RKF, at 1:35 pm EDT on June 27, 2006

Re: Goethe Girl’s post

I am also really sorry for girls in today’s co-ed dorms. I’ve seen innumerable situations where girls “dumb-down” when boys are around, and now they have to share dorm space as well as classroom space!!! My daughter refuses to stay in a dorm. I don’t blame her.In an all-womens dorm (better an all-women’s college) there is a sense of peace and relaxation in the absence of feeling constantly “in relation to” men. James Brown was right: it’s STILL a man’s world, and a respite from it is an essential if a young woman is to figure out what and who she is.

miracatta, at 4:20 pm EDT on August 9, 2006

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