News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
Oct. 16, 2006
Washington police arrested more than 130 protesters at Gallaudet University Friday night and early Saturday morning — ending a barricade that had effectively blocked people from entering the campus. But the protesters, who were taken away, fingerprinted and fined $50 each, quickly returned to campus, where they pledged to keep their activism going.
By late Sunday afternoon, students had abandoned the gate where the arrests took place and cars could be seen leaving and entering the campus. But protesters moved to the main campus gate and vowed to continue the fight unless Jane K. Fernandes, the provost whose selection as president set off the protests, resigns.
Classes and most activities at Gallaudet — internationally known for its education of deaf students — were suspended for much of last week because of the protests. Among the topics of debate are exactly why the protests are taking place. Fernandes and her supporters on the board say that she is a victim of deaf identity politics because she was not raised on American Sign Language. Students portray the protest movement as one focused on what they perceive as a lack of leadership skills in Fernandes.
The arrests began just after sundown, on Friday, when President I. King Jordan walked over to the protest and read from a prepared statement. “Gallaudet University has exhausted all means of communication and negotiation with those who have disrupted the university’s educational processes and held the campus hostage to their demands…. The university fully respects and is committed to free speech and the free exchange of ideas, but the protestors’ own actions are in violation of those fundamental principles of academic life and pursuit of knowledge…. I have asked the Gallaudet University Department of Public Safety, the consultant, and the Metropolitan Police Department to take actions necessary to reopen Gallaudet University for educational purposes. I deeply regret being forced to take this action.”
Washington police then blockaded the area with police tape, while hundreds of students, faculty, alumni and other supporters formed a wall around students who began moving to the ground to be arrested. By 8:30 p.m., around 40 police stood ready, including two mounted police officers, who later left the scene, once it became obvious that the crowd was orderly.
For the next six hours students almost fought to get arrested, and were joined by a few alumni and faculty members. The area turned nearly festive as a crowd of mostly student supporters cheered and hooted. “JF out! JF out!” protestors chanted. For each arrest, Gallaudet security walked up in threes to pick up students splayed out on the ground in front of the gate. Once hoisted off the ground, the students went limp and were carried 90 feet over to a police van, where they were then stood up and asked for identification. They then stood for a picture. One student reached over, slung his arm around an officer and mugged for the photo with a smile on his face. Police laughed along.
When security picked up a sophomore, Calvin Doudt, a couple of protesters yelled and signed, “We love you, Calvin!”
Officers seemed relaxed and resigned to a long night. “I think we’ll be here until morning,” said one.
Tim Monigan of Frederick, Md., north of Washington, sat atop the security fence at the gate’s entrance to gain a better view, signing and chanting with the crowd. “I came to show my support,” he said. Like many people in the story, Monigan was interviewed through a translator. “My sister was at Gallaudet, but she couldn’t make it, and I came in her place,” he said. “People all over the U.S. are watching this.”
“My daughter is a freshman, and I came as a representative of Indiana Deaf,” said Jay Krieger, who graduated in 1982. Krieger said that Gallaudet is the mecca of deaf culture and that the university deserves a leader who can lead. The process that led to the choice of Fernandes was flawed, he argued. “The board is supposed to represent the [deaf] community and [Fernandes] was not even close.”
A former Gallaudet student, Rachel Lawrence, said that she decided to get arrested because she wanted to show that this was not merely a “student” protest. “This is my community and this represents more than a place that I attended for a year of college,” she said, standing in line for her turn. “I’m doing this for deaf kids around the world.”
“All our lives, we are given the impression that we can’t do anything,” said Sean Stone, a freshman who also lined up for his arrest. “We are here to break that impression. The deaf culture is small, but we are united … and we need a good president.”
“We know that outsiders do not understand this,” added Lawrence. “It’s all about culture and [Gallaudet] is the core of deaf culture. We are white, black, brown, and all different colors, but we are all deaf. Maybe if we dyed ourselves purple then people would understand.”
Kenneth Doane, a junior, said that the orderly nature of the arrests was designed to embarrass the university administration.
The arrests continued long after television crews left after filing for the late news. Wave after wave, students continued to come forward, but by 2:30 a.m., police had had enough. They were almost finished, when yet another group stepped forward to be arrested. At this point, police officers packed up, and students later abandoned the gate.
On Sunday afternoon, protesters rallied at the main gate, where camera crews gathered to film. Off to the side, a large tent sheltered a large spread of food with apples, oranges, granola bars, salad and Popeye’s chicken. Grills sat waiting for evening barbeques and students wandered in and out of tents pitched on the lawn.
Jordan and Fernandes have declined numerous requests for an interview, and nobody answered the door at Jordan’s personal residence on Sunday. However, Fernandes published an op-ed in The Washington Post on Saturday titled “Many Ways of Being Deaf.”
“That’s part of her style to not deal directly with people,” said a graduate student, Louise Gilbert. “She could have the same record and be fine if she was just a warmer person.”
In the article, Fernandes argued that deaf politics were partly to blame for why she has been rejected by the deaf community. Fernandes did not learn sign language until later in life and the issue has been occasionally mentioned as why she is disliked.
While some have hinted that this may be a problem, numerous people who have been interviewed have denied such a charge, including Nancy Bloch, the CEO of the National Association of the Deaf, a national civil rights group. Bloch said that she too learned to sign only late in life and was “ragged on” when she came to Gallaudet as a graduate student in the ’70s and could not sign fluently.
“Why does everybody like me?” she asked. “Why do they feel a connection with me? Many people, like me, learn to sign late in life. Fernandes is playing deaf politics. Gallaudet is home; this is about home business.”
Gallaudet’s homecoming week begins today and students and faculty members say that they are unsure if classes will continue on Monday, although the university issued a statement Sunday evening saying that Gallaudet would be open. By Wednesday, hundreds of alumni will have arrived. One of them, Patricia Raswant, said that protesters have already secured a permit to march to Captiol Hill Friday. “We want to let Congress know that things are not working here and maybe Congress can intervene,” she said.
Bloch said that the National Association of the Deaf has called for Fernandes to step aside for the greater good of Gallaudet. “This has repercussions for higher ed all across the country,” she said. “This protest will become a case study in campus leadership.”
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I’m appalled at comments like JMB’s and the Washington Posts (who editorialized against the students recently). The fact is that the students and the faculty at this school, who live, work and go to school there, are sufficently motivated (in an age in which folks like JMB and the Post usually bemoan the apathetic, lethargic nature of “todays” students) to take a principled stand against events there. We on the outside don’t know what is going on there. This does not mean the students and faculty are correct, but it surely should give caution to those who take a knee-jerk stance against them. People don’t just rebel against institutions for the fun of it, there is usually some failure of the institution and its leaders at fault.
Ken, at 9:10 am EDT on October 16, 2006
“People don’t just rebel against institutions for the fun of it...” I’m not sure if the author of this comment has ever actually met an undergraduate, much less one who would very quickly latch onto ANY anti-administrative action, especially if it resulted in shutting down the campus. I’ve seen students that couldn’t even spell the University President’s name join in with protests.
Look, the point that supporters are missing is the fact that they have no plan to deal with the repercussions of their protest. Again, are the 41 faculty offering to donate part of their salary to the night shift cafeteria worker who didn’t get paid? The entire “revolutions are messy” argument might be valid if we were talking about true change here; but this is an issue of a milquetoast presidential selection, not student oppression, civil rights or worse. I am a little fearful about the outcome of this protest and what it does to endorse intimidation tactics and the unseen collateral damage (such as low-income staff pay) on a campus such as this. We always have to be careful to be selective in the means as well as the ends. You are talking about students here; neophytes that are still learning. And while the faculty are happy to see them as equals as long as the same agenda is being pushed- the faculty also know what battles are worth using these kinds of extreme measures for (I hope) — the students likely don’t have that insight. I worry what this has taught them about the means to this battle- and unfortunately if nothing is done about the presidency, we may have taught them that they didn’t go far enough, which would be the wrong lesson, and I hope the Gallaudet faculty take the opportunity to watch it carefully as a campus culture shifts.
d, at 11:00 am EDT on October 16, 2006
Sorry Ken,
There is really no excuse for this type of behavior. It reflects poorly on the students and faculty who condone it. It signals a failure to work within academic channels of protest. This is a university, not a wrestling match. When students are of this age and education level, one expects slightly more from them than splaying out on floors to show their rage.
If these students expect to convince the world of the special problems faced by deaf communities, they have sure chosen an embarrassing and appalling way of showing their predicament. I would lock them up and impose tough criminal penalties on those who continue to disrupt classes.
Appalled Student, at 11:00 am EDT on October 16, 2006
JBM asks one good question: why a woman who uses multiple methods of communication is considered ill-equipped to lead Gallaudet. JBM could learn a lot from listening to answers to that question, carefully considering those answers in relation to the world of deaf education, and further questioning protestors who say that Deaf politics isn’t the only problem with the incumbent.
However, the true **massive educational failure** is that JBM isn’t asking this question to learn. JBM asks simply to dismiss the issue without apparent curiosity or understanding.
What if the position of the students (and faculty and alumni) is based on logic, facts, and experience?
What if the students are eloquently and appropriately making their case to the current administration—and the administration is simply ignoring or dismissing their concerns?
The only people who can answer these questions are those involved. Articles like this one—which is thorough and which continues to provide updates and context; thanks IHE—keep those of us on the outside informed to some degree. However, every news clip in every medium paints a partial picture at best. When the story is of a unique culture, relayed through an interpreter, we know even less of what is actually happening.
But at least we can watch. And some of us can learn.
Marion, at 11:00 am EDT on October 16, 2006
There is nothing “appalling” about asking why the woman is unqualified for her job. If the kids cannot explain what the problem is, their extremely extended outburst is nothing but uncontrolled emotion, and it is thus worthy of dismissal. It is equally improper to pretend that asking simple questions about the matter is somehow unacceptable. That is nothing but an attempt at intimidation, which has no proper place at any college or university.
No one should be encouraging these kids to indulge mere emotion, as opposed to making a reasoned and principled argument in support of their position. Instead, people taking thousands of dollars per year in tuition from them should be teaching the kids how to think and argue cogently.
JBM, at 11:00 am EDT on October 16, 2006
Fernandes has probably got to go — we’ll have to see what the students decide to do. She made a huge mistake by hiding from those who oppose her, and trying to “spin” the issue in the Washington Post. This just increased the impression that Fernandes’ appointment comes from playing politics in the “hearing” world instead of dedication and involvement within the deaf community.
This is a power struggle plain and simple. The problem seems to be that the “powerful” give the impression that they are making decisions based on their own criteria and don’t give a damn what the desires of the community being served are. In one action Jorden just erased a lifetime of goodwill within the deaf community — he’s now the guy who put a bunch of his own people in jail.
There is a glaring double standard in Jorden’s position. His presidency is the result of a huge student protest. He has his job because back in the 80’s the students demanded an appropriate leader. For decades, he’s held that position and never indicated anything inappropriate in the way he was hired. It is truly bizzare that this person would now view the concerns of the student body as secondary. Based on his history, Jorden should have known that servicing such tight-knit and extended community should start with involvement of those community members. Instead the administration took the intractable position that they were in charge and that maintaining authority over the student body was more important than finding a candidate that would work hand in hand with them as partners.
Whatever the issues started out being, now it’s a struggle over who will dictate the future direction of the institution. When the power to make a decision becomes more important than accomplishing the goals of the institution, it’s time to take a good hard look at what’s broken. The administration’s position becomes increasingly untenable. Jorden’s attitude looks alot like Bush/Cheney/Rummy: “It’s not that we don’t hear you, we just don’t give a damn what you’d like — YOU are stupid, and WE are in charge!”
KGB, at 12:50 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
The root causes of this protest (none of which actually justify the extent of hatred and vitriol being strewn about on blogs) have been lost in the emotion and outrage of the protestors. Many Deaf people nationwide are simply taking on faith that what they are being told about her is true, without really taking the time to investigate the facts for themselves. This is actually typical of Americans in general, not just the Deaf community. Fernandes, regardless of her popularity (what school disciplinarian is really Ms. Popular?), possesses stellar qualifications. She signs fine — not “natively” and with what one would call an “English accent” but she still signs just fine. The Gallaudet administration has stumbled a bit in handling and their response to the protest, but this is a separate issue from the appointment of Fernandes. Go to www.9thprez.com to get a concise presentation of the issues.
Concerned Alum, Gallaudet U., at 12:50 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
I am a recent graduate from Gallaudet and I too have often felt befuddled by the various reasons for this protest. When I read the media, I’ve often felt like I was reading a foreign newspaper. So I’d like to take this opportunity to share some perspectives I’ve gained during my tenure as a student and as an alumnus.
I would like to raise some concerns, which have not been addressed in the media. On October 6th the campus took time to honor both I. King Jordan and his wife Linda by naming the Student Academic Center after King and the premier art gallery after his wife. What really bothered me was that this honor was bestowed upon both of them with little input from the community and decided entirely by the Board of Trustees. This is a board people on campus have long felt uncomfortable with as it is self-perpetuating and members are usually, if not always recommended by I. King Jordan himself.
The board’s decision to name this art gallery after Linda received cries of unfairness throughout the campus community, as Linda has done nothing for deaf art and even the field of art let alone. Would any reasonable person support the naming of a Federal Building after Laura Bush while G.W. is a sitting president? Probably not.
To top it off, this board is the very same board which has made King one of the highest paid university presidents in the nation — to the tune of approx. $577,000 including benefits (see Gallaudet’s 2004 501c3 990 Tax Filing) while Gallaudet gets about 107 of its 150 million dollars a year revenue from the government. Jane Fernandes as Provost received about $311,000 that year and Paul Kelly, VP of Administration and Finance was listed at about $274,000. I think the top three are paid way too much given that most of their money is from the federal government and Gallaudet’s performance has been dismissal during my few years and was rated “inefficient” by the White House PART report in 2005 largely due to low graduation and employment rates (http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/expectmore/detail.10003306.2005.html).
Furthermore, this is the very board who came to campus explaining that community input in the presidential search process was valued. Well, an April 26th campus-wide poll found candidate Jane Fernandes unacceptable by 81% of undergrads, 65.9% of grads and also the faculty had their own poll where 63% found her unacceptable for the position of president. She later received a vote of no confidence in her selection by the faculty on May 8th by a 2-1 ratio. This faculty vote certainly had nothing to do with Fernandes not being “deaf enough” but rather her performance as Chief Academic Officer (Provost).
There is a feeling that I. King Jordan has railroaded Jane Fernandes into the office of president and that he has the board in his pocket. In fact, throughout this protest there have been times where Jordan seems more interested in Fernandes being the next president than she does herself. Shouldn’t Jordan post a sign in his window that says “Off Running” and instead of fighting Fernandes’ battle focus on his legacy and golden years of retirement?
I have hope for a better Gallaudet… and it starts with accountability and leadership.
S, Alumnus at Gallaudet, at 12:55 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
I think it reasonable that: (1) the university should add any school days lost to the protest on to the end of the school year; I figure three days at this point. (2) the university should include the cost of extending the school year in tallying the total cost of the protest. (3) the legal proceedings against the protesters should include their financial responsibility for the costs identified in #2, at a minimum.(4) students and faculty should be informed that protests resulting in cancellation of classes would also result in a corresponding extension of the school year.
In this way, it would be clear to would-be protesters that their cause has a price and involves some personal sacrifice. I bet the hangers-on wouldn’t be so eager to “shut it down!”
DG, at 1:35 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
I am appalled to see what is happening at Gallaudet University. If you were to come on campus it looks like a party with an unknown purpose. It does not look like a protest; there are barbeque grills, tents, and children running around playing. This is a social event and the disruption of business at a fine institution.
There are many signs on campus some say “JF resign now” and others that say “stop audism” WHOA!!!! Jane is the senior administrator on campus who has been visibly busy trying to work on issues of audism on campus. So to hear that you want her to resign does not make sense that would be shooting yourself in the foot. Yes, there are issues on campus that need to be dealt with and Dr. Jane K. Fernandes is ready, willing and ABLE to do just that. She wants the university to embrace all types of deaf and hard of hearing people, not just those who have deaf parents or those who went to residential schools and are fluent in ASL. While she embraces the culture and language of deaf people she wants others to have that opportunity. She needs to be given a chance to move the university forward.
Cathy, Gallaudet, at 2:35 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
Jane Fernandes is a leading academic on Deaf history, she has administrative experience far beyond that of any of the other candidates for the position, and she is a respectable, incredibly sharp woman. She deserves far better than the outrageous, hooliganistic behavior she has been subjected to.
Of course students, faculty, and staff have the right to voice their dissapproval of Board of Trustees decisions. I, myself, did much voicing as a college undergraduate in the late 1980s. But our right to dissent and to protest does not extend to blocking other peoples access to education and intimidation tactics that silence other voices.
A university is not a representative democracy. As an adjunct faculty member at a state university, I am aware that I have a limited voice in the running of that school. Students and faculty at Gallaudet also have limited say in the running of the school; seemingly fair or not, that is the system of their school.
The board took opinions from students, staff, faculty, and a wide range of other voices in selecting the three finalists for the presidency and in making their final selection.
If students and faculty at Gallaudet want more say in choosing their president, then they need to change the University to a non-accredited, non-board of trustees-controlled, social club, not the center of higher education it is now.
Also, arguing that I. King Jordan has hand-selected many of the board members is irrelevant; board members are typically recruited and recommended by the president.
The difference between DPN in 1988 and the current situation is that Jane Fernandes is a member of the Deaf community as well as an experienced and effective administrator. In 1988, the board selected Elisabeth Zinser, an experienced administrator, but not a member of the Deaf community. Jane Fernandes is Deaf, born deaf, raised in the oralist tradition (a kind of deaf culture, like it or not), and now an advocate of a kind of Deaf community that is welcoming to ALL people who are Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Deaf-Blind, whatever the use of assistive technologies or embracing of ASL.
That Fernandes is unpopular to some for higher academic standards and demanding better behavior on the part of the University’s students is a pathetic excuse for closing down the University and other programs on its campus. Worse still, the leaders of this demonstration are relatives of a candidate who did not make it to the finalist short list. More should be done to understand the complexities of the Deaf community, especially the mostly white, Gallaudet legacy families who are crying foul when their beloved institution does not hew to their cry.
Jesse M. Kahn, at 3:46 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
National Assoc. of the Deaf and others have not say the facts why they are protesting. NAD only said for Jane to resign without explaination why. You all protesters are all discriminating Jane. If she have to go through the search process again, she will be the top choice anyway. Other candidates did not match her credentials. For example, she created a national wide ASL storybook for the children and their parents to communicate in sign language while reading the storybook. She did alot more than other candidates. Your statements about protest are still weaken. You simply joined the protest because you feel pressured by other deaf folks and NAD CEO is simply a puppet without explaining the factual information. Instead of that, you all keep saying Jane has to resign without logical or rationale explaination. YOu need to work in the hearing world to understand the realistic issues.
R, at 7:20 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
I’m an alumnus of Gallaudet and I had to wince at some of comments here.
Circumstances at Gallaudet cannot be looked at via same lens most universities can be looked through with. Ken said it very well — “People don’t just rebel against institutions for the fun of it, there is usually some failure of the institution and its leaders at fault.” As for d’s counter-argument, perhaps he or she is right but would those kind of students be willing to sustain protests this long? I doubt it. Also, all protests always have a certain element who join for the heck of it. This does not diminish the importance of this protest at all.
Concerned Alum reccommended that you all visit www.9thprez.com which is a website maintained by Gallaudet PR office. Not exactly a neutral website. To be fair, protestors’ websites are not neutral as well. However if you visit 9thprez.com, at least you should take some time to visit www.deafread.com.
Based on my assumpation that most of readers here are not Deaf, I am concerned that despite visiting those websites, readers will not fully understand what is going on due to lack of background knowledge behind the history of Deaf community in United States. All I ask is do not judge protesters if you do not fully understand underlying social issues.
This is much more complicated than just a “president” that nobody likes. Also do not even dare to think it is all about Jane Fernandes (JKF)’s signing ability or her identity as a person who became deaf later in her life. The president of National Association for the Deaf (www.nad.org, a national organization that has thrown its support behind the protesters, is also a latened deaf person just like JKF.
The protest is not limited to the Kendall Green campus of Gallaudet. It is worldwide. As of now, there has been over 70 tent city protests all over America and in other countries in less than half of a month. Countless organizations of the Deaf has proclaimed their support for the protest. Just a student protest? Wrong.
Cathy said that JKF have made some progress regarding audism (look it up at www.wikipedia.org if you don’t know the term). Show me some evidence. I certainly did not see any during my time at Gallaudet and so far JKF herself have not been able to produce any evidence of her “fight” against audism.
I want to applaud S for his or her wonderful concise summary.
Keep in mind as Marion said, “But at least we can watch. And some of us can learn.”
Barinthus, at 7:20 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
Twice in the negotiation process, the SBG President proposed hiring an independent assessment to investigate the presidential search committee that led to the selection of Dr. Jane Fernandes as the 9th Designate President of Gallaudet University. Both times, Irving Jordan declined a proposal in hiring an independent assessment.
Now, the Board of Trustees and President Jordan of Gallaudet University have been making claims that the presidential search process was square and fair. If the process was truly fair, why didn’t they agree to hiring an independent assessment to investigate the presidential search committee?
Look, all the Board of Trustees of Gallaudet University and President Jordan have to do is to accept the proposal in hiring an independent assessment. Supposing, the independent assessment finds nothing wrong with the presidential search process, it would make the protestors look stupid for suspecting a flawed process in the Presidential Search.
But President Jordan chooses extreme measures to make the protestors look bad.
PR, at 7:25 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
The four student leaders of the Deaf President Now movement in 1988 — the one that brought Irving Jordan King into his presidency — has spoken out against JKF.
Out of respect for this website, I will not copy and paste the letter. Instead, I encourage you to visit http://www.ridorlive.com/?p=1953#comments and view comment #26.
The letter covers many questions and thoughts expressed on this page. They also explained the situation in a very eloquent way. I strongly recommend that you check it out regardless of your position.
Cheers
Barinthus, at 9:05 pm EDT on October 16, 2006
I read the letter from the link provided. The letter says, “We question why the Board of Trustees selected Dr. Fernandes despite the public concerns that were brought to their attention BEFORE theselection was made.”
What exactly ARE these public concerns? Some specific examples (a list?) would help outsiders understand the protesters’ stance. Right now, all I understand is that the administration has been less than approachable (not good, but not uncommon on many campuses and in many schools) and has not managed the cultural conflicts well (also not good, but not uncommon). I guess I am not clear how this translates to protesting about a particular presidential selection, since there was a valid selection process.
kgotthardt, at 3:25 pm EDT on October 17, 2006
check out moving images from the protests on YouTube: http://youtube.com/results?search...=Gallaudet+protest&search=Search
supporter, video from the protests, at 10:20 am EDT on October 20, 2006
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Why not education?
Why has this school failed to teach its students how to sufficiently marshall language, facts, and logic in order to make a principled case for themselves? Why exactly is the fact that the woman both signs and reads lips some sort of disqualifying characteristic with respect to the presidency?
The kids’ sputtering outrage only degrades them and reveals **massive educational failure** at Gallaudet.
JBM, at 7:55 am EDT on October 16, 2006