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Balance or Censorship?

“Balance” is a much debated topic in higher education — and if Boston College is any indication, trying to regulate balance in campus presentations can create all kinds of difficulties.

The college has adopted new rules for the speakers students may invite to campus using student activity fees. Under the new policies — which were not discussed with student or faculty leaders prior to adoption — the college reserves the right to make “necessary adjustments to require that balanced views be presented,” in light of the college’s identity as a Roman Catholic, Jesuit institution. The college also reserves the right to postpone programs to be sure that they can get such balance, and to call them off in the “rare instances” in which it is impossible to achieve balance.

While the policy makes broad reference to the college’s religious mission, Jack Dunn, a spokesman, acknowledged that it was only certain topics that were likely to set off reviews and demands for balance. “Abortion is the hot button issue,” he said, adding that other topics related to sexuality would also be subject to scrutiny. Dunn stressed that faculty members could bring whomever they wanted to campus, and that the college expected only very rarely to have to block events. “The intention here is not to censor.”

That’s very unclear to many on the campus, especially because of how the policy is being described. Student leaders noted, for example, that a Republican politician who favored the death penalty, tight controls on immigration, and cuts to programs for the poor — all stances opposed by Catholic leaders — would apparently be welcome to speak without “balance” being required. Indeed the college’s last graduation speaker was Condoleezza Rice, the U.S. secretary of state, who has been a key player in Bush administration foreign policy, seen by many Catholics as antithetical to church teachings.

In contrast, Patrick Healey, president of the College Democrats at Boston College, said that he fears any time he invites a politician who favors stem cell research or abortion rights, a Republican opposed to those positions would have to join the panel.

“It’s a real slap in the face” that some views would have to be balanced and others wouldn’t, he said.

Healey has been in Catholic schools since first grade and he said that there is no lack of clarity for him or others about Catholic teachings on abortion or various other matters. “I have a very firm understanding of what the church believes,” he said. “We’re not trying to convince students to ignore Catholic teachings. We want to bring in speakers so students can make up their minds.”

An editorial in The Heights, the student paper, also denounced the new rules. “The Heights isn’t pro-life, or pro-choice; creationist or evolutionary; conservative or liberal; Catholic or Protestant or Muslim or Jewish. The Heights is pro-knowledge, anti-complacency, and pro-discussion,” the editorial said. “At a university like Boston College, Catholic teaching should be explained, celebrated, encouraged, and expressed in its fullness. Catholic teaching on abortion rights, the sanctity of marriage, and the morality of war should be professed — just as the Catholic practice of ‘disputation,’ or academic debate, and its historic role in the discussion and clarification of Catholic doctrine should also be encouraged on our campus. This requires that pro-abortion rights views, supporters of gay marriage, and the necessity of just war be professed with equal fervor.”

While the policy is focused on students, professors are upset as well. Charles Derber, a profesor of sociology who has taught at Boston College for 26 years, said that the policy was more dangerous in part because it is unclear when and why it will be applied. “We’re talking about scrutinizing people’s views before they are even on campus,” he said. He noted that there are dozens of speakers on campus every day, invited by a range of groups. “Is there going to be a committee that is going to review each of these people? What is going to constitute balance?”

While Dunn said it was “important” to note that faculty members were not covered by the policy, Derber said that in no way limited the importance of the policy to everyone at the college.

“The integrity of the university depends on free and open debate,” he said, so any change in that tradition should be reviewed by faculty and student leaders. “This is central to what a university is about.”

Scott Jaschik

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Comments

Two for one special !

Kudos to IHE for reporting on two politically-opposed efforts at censorship, their misguided nature, and the various reactions to them. All on the same day!

Larry, at 6:15 am EDT on October 18, 2006

Being Roman Catholic and Jesuit used to mean something. It is interesting to read that when reminded of what, some students and faculty are surprised, even dismayed. It is not to their disadvantage, though. A Catholic, Jesuit institution is not inappropriate if following principles(not the same as rules) in its mission. I realize students/faculty in our secular era are used to an everything-goes morality in which no one is used to hearing No to anything except Politically Correct issues such as Native American nicknames. I hope the BC administration continues to follow principles. THAT would offer true diversity: different environments at different places. If students truly can’t stand a Catholic, Jesuit environment, they do have choices, especially in Boston, where there are colleges in every neighborhood.

Observer, at 7:20 am EDT on October 18, 2006

Observer: excellent point on true diversity. It seems that the rush to the mean by colleges and universities has led to a lack of diversity in American higher education.

K.T., at 8:05 am EDT on October 18, 2006

Don’t people who opt for Catholic or any religion-affiliated school enroll with the understanding that the teachings of that religion are somewhat central to the college’s ideology and often, also, to the curriculum? If there truly is separation of church and state, why should a religious institution have to bow to political trends? (Note, we would also ask why a secular institution would have to bow to religious trends. It goes both ways.)

kgotthardt, at 9:26 am EDT on October 18, 2006

KT, What lack of diversity? It isn’t as if people on campus are actually prevented from hearing certain views, and it isn’t as if the country isn’t pretty much divided down the middle on most issues with an ideological base? Somehow despite years of indoctrination by the right (or “left” if you are on the “right”) students still find their own voice.

Observer, I don’t understand your point about nicnames and how that relates to diversity. Are you saying that Boston College Students should be subjected to fewer ideas because Jesuit institutions only analyze ideas they like. I always thought Jesuits were a little more open-minded then you (having gone to a Jesuit school, myself). Maybe I missed something.

Larry, at 9:26 am EDT on October 18, 2006

President John F. Kennedy could have chosen any number of hyperbolic nicknames when he famously called Boston College the “Jesuit Ivy” in the 1950s. The fact that he chose “Jesuit” over “Catholic” is telling. The Roman Catholic Church has had a checkered history of attempting—and ultimately failing—to control knowledge over the past 2000 years. The Jesuits’ almost 500-year history of “finding God in all things” has lead to scientific discovery, scholarship and a fearless commitment to intellectual inquiry that has sometimes strained its relationship with the institutional church. Boston College’s motto—"Ever to Excel"–-succinctly expresses BC’s specifically Jesuit mission. It comes not from the Bible or the writings of Saint Ignatius, but from Homer’s Iliad—a passage that ends, “This is my ancestry; this is the blood I am proud to inherit.” Sadly, BC’s administration is altogether willing to sacrifice its Jesuit heritage in its quest to become, in the words of BC’s president, “the world’s leading Catholic university.” What Father Leahy and his administration fail to realize however is that many of us who chose to come to BC, chose it specifically because of its Jesuit dimension—a dimension absent at Notre Dame and withering at Georgetown. If BC is ever to fully live up to JFK’s grandiose nickname it will first have to live up to its own motto. The new speakers policy is only the latest evidence that BC is moving away from “Ever to Excel” to “Ever to Appease.” AMDG.

BC ‘08, Senior at Boston College, at 9:26 am EDT on October 18, 2006

Scott misses the point. What BC is saying is that it welcomes all perspectives to campus but that it reserves the right to request that Catholic viewpoints also be presented on sensitive issues such as abortion.

A Catholic University has every right to request that its viewpoints on sensitive issues be presented, especially if it is footing the bill. Perhaps if journalists were not so unbalanced toward Catholic viewpoints, Catholic instiituions would not be in a position of having to seek balance on their own campuses.

BC is doing what more than 100 other Catholic universities do on a daily basis—making sure that their perspective gets a fair hearing.

Good for BC.

John, at 11:06 am EDT on October 18, 2006

John — you have a point. However, why then are campus leaders afraid that a speaker espousing the death penalty does not need to be balanced, whereas an abortion rights speaker does? Sanctity of life is sanctity of life, or so the church teaches. So, if their worries are correct, it is more an issue of conservative republican views are welcome whereas liberal democratic views need balance, which takes the whole issue out of the realm of religion smack into politics. I am not catholic but the rest of my family is, and I have never understood how a “good catholic” can be for the death penalty (and a fair number are based on my totally unscientific poll) — maybe they are just catholics but not “good catholics” despite what they claim to be.

Ingolf Gruen, at 12:20 pm EDT on October 18, 2006

KT, What lack of diversity?

The lack of diversity where most institutions all profess the same value system... i.e. we often hear on this board people saying, “that is not what higher education is about” as if there is some monolithic approach to higher education. You often hear the same buzzwords — diversity, tolerance, etc. — on most campuses. I’d like to see more private institutions take unique approaches to education — whether an appreciation for classical liberalism, positivism, multiculturalism, etc. But, today, most of our 4,000 institutions want to be everything to everyone.

K.T., at 1:05 pm EDT on October 18, 2006

Delay: This isn’t about balance.

John and Mr. Green, The problem is that the power to delay a speaker is, in effect, the power to supress his views completely, as the speaker might never be able to appear or might only be able to appear at a time when his view are not relevant.

KT, Your point is still too vague to understand. And I am really trying. Assuming someone says “This isn’t what higher education is about,” it doesn’t mean that we all agree as to what exactly higher education is “about.” Instead, someone is simply asserting that their values alone represent the norms of higher education.

Indeed, even when people use buzzwords, it is doubtful that people all mean the same thing or even agree on definitions. Buzzwords, because of their lack of meaning are nothing more than either 1) political rallying cries; or 2) rhetorical fictions that are agreed-upon by differing viewpoints to avoid discussing a real issue. Whatever the case, there are many buzzwords which people claim reflect all sorts of viewpoints.

Larry, at 2:55 pm EDT on October 18, 2006

The BC student makes an obvious point: Boston College is sacraficing its inherently liberal Jesuit tradition to placate its conservative critics. BC’s most recent speakers (Condoleeza Rice at commencemet and John McCain at convocation), coupled with this new policy, seem to indicate an attempt at “balancing” what has been seen as a renegade liberal insitution by conservative groups such as the Cardinal Newman Society.

Anthony, at 5:20 pm EDT on October 18, 2006

The school is Catholic. That’s supposed to mean something. If you don’t want a school that pushes, endorses and protects Catholic ideas and ideology, don’t go there.

Catholic Professor, at 8:20 pm EDT on October 18, 2006

No, Catholic Professor. The school is Jesuit. The whole notion of Jesuit disputation assumes an openness to ideas outside of dogma/doctrine.

Jesuit student, at 8:50 pm EDT on October 18, 2006

Ingolf GruenPlease don’t make the generalization that ‘right to life’ advocates are only concerned with abortion. While abortion cases are several orders of magtitude larger than cases of executions, the right to life group is concerned with the entire issue of life including the death penalty and euthenasia. I can point as just one example to the activities at the U of Notre Dame as one example.

There is a natural tendency to paint groups we don’t like a color that suits our desires. Try to resist that.

William, at 4:20 am EDT on October 19, 2006

William — I had no intention to paint any particular group/organization, certainly not the right to life group. I am simply saying that there is way too much hypocrisy when it comes to “values” among many people, independent what group/organization/political party they belong to. I was “painting” simply those people who say yes to the death penalty and no to abortion — a moral person CANNOT defend both sides simultaneously, but many do.

Ingolf Gruen, at 1:00 pm EDT on October 19, 2006

The “balance or Censorship” debate is a modern reflection of the age old debate of man’s role in the world. The RC church and its Jesuit soldiers are in a perpetual struggle to spread the Christian, Catholic perspective. Academic freedom is viewed from the eyes of the beholder. A Roman Catholic perpective is that Man is truly free when in union with God and the Church.Opposite perspectives are easily found within the RC church and outside of it.

Campion supporter, at 10:45 pm EST on December 21, 2006

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