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Seeking a New Skills Revolution

Starting in the 1980’s, a worldwide market of low-skill labor began draining jobs overseas, threatening the wages of Americans. In response, the Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce — a bipartisan group of business, government, and education leaders — laid out a plan in 1990 for the United States. The group suggested that the country focus its economy on high end products and services to keep wages from declining. On Thursday, the commission released a new report, “Tough Choices or Tough Times,” which is calling for a complete revamping of the educational system to ensure that America can remain a global leader. Because these changes affect so many aspects of the educational system — college admissions, teachers’ unions, and the funding of local school districts — members of the commission acknowledge that they face an uphill battle.

Two major components of the report would most directly affect higher education. First, the commission has called for a state agency to handle all recruiting of teachers, focusing on grabbing college students from the top-third, instead of the bottom third as currently happens, usually without any recruitment. Further, this agency would control all funds for teaching education, and would have the power to give out those dollars to institutions that graduate high-performing teachers. Second, high school would be dramatically altered by allowing students to apply to college once they have passed a board exam, probably at age 16.

“Our aim is to get most of the kids ready for college by 16 as happens in most Scandinavian countries,” said Marc Tucker, president of the National Center on Education and the Economy, which published the report.

Of students who have taken the exam at 16, the commission members expect 35 percent of students to then go on to a two-year program that is equivalent to an international baccalaureate, or advanced European high school degree. After the two years, these students would then apply to selective universities. The other 60 percent would enter a two-year community college or technical college, and then take another exam to qualify for entrance to a four-year institution. Of course, some students would fail out and then enter the work force, but Tucker said the outcome would be much better than current standards where almost one third of Americans do not complete high school.

“We’re shooting for a 5 percent dropout rate, versus around 33 percent which is what we have today,” he said. The country will not succeed unless everyone has at least two years of college by age 18. Tucker added that this new plan gets at least 95 percent of the population ready for a college by age 18, with many kids ready before that.

“The community college system is the most adaptive in higher education,” said Paul Elsner, a commission member and former chancellor of the Maricopa Community College District. “Still, I think they are going to be in shock by this.”

The commission calculates huge savings — $67 billion — for the country’s educational system both from sending kids to college at a younger age, but also by cutting down on the need for costly remedial education. One place they plan to reinvest these dollars is teacher training.

Taking a cue from the British, the commission asks for states to set up an agency that will handle teacher recruitment and manage state money for teacher training. Tucker said that the agency would try to draw teachers from the top one-third of college graduates instead of the bottom third as happens now. Perhaps most controversial, the plan calls for the agency to send money only to institutions that have a proven track record for turning out quality teachers.

Charles Reed, a member of the commission and the chancellor of the California State University System , said that he was not put off by this suggestion. The system he runs trains most of the teachers in California. “I like competition. I think we can prove ourselves. Performance counts.” Reed said that he approves of the plan and hopes that it will be passed.

“It won’t work if you cherry-pick sections of it, because it will fall apart,” said Elsner. “I think it will be tough, but it will probably have to be done.”

Paul D. Thacker

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Comments

Stigma Problem

In 1866, New York was the first state to implement a state-wide system of student testing. One of the results was the bifurcation of students at academies and high schools into two-tiers, only one of which met the Regents standards. This strategy by the school districts accomodated the rising public clamor for access to education, at the same time it allowed the social benefits (read: class privileges) to remain intact.

However, I doubt that the public, whose levels of aspiration for credentials now far outstrip their grasp, would willingly accept the stigma associated with the kinds of lowered expectations proposed. Secondly, without established credential markets already in place, the resulting lack of incentives for completing the new program would doom it to failure.

Isn’t this just another attempt to revive the apprenticeship system? That we are wasting $67 Billion a year on a credentialing system that warehouses students until they enter the work force, I cannot argue against. Afterall, aren’t most job skills are learned on the job?

Glen McGhee, FHEAP, at 9:00 am EST on December 15, 2006

Tiers

Tiers of training & achievement strike me as a good idea. Like Glen, I’m skeptical the public would accept such a system, but I see the need for it. In any given fall semester at my college, which has huge programs in engineering, roughly 10% of the entering class would be better served by some form of apprenticeship plus (appropriate) classroom experience rather than the “university” degree they get now. In fact, when students object to “having to take” my Humanities & Lit classes, that is what they are, in effect, asking for, though neither they nor their parents are very clear about what they want or need.

Joseph Duemer, Professor, at 12:16 pm EST on December 15, 2006

Powerful concept.

What financial incentives would be offered to upper one third college grads to lure them into teaching — and making it a career?There are lots of other sectors in the economy willing to compete for these graduates.

What community/technical college programs would provide students with the specific skills they need to enter the job market if they don’t want to attend and/or can’t qualify for college? This population needs training, connections and incentives to make a difference in their lives — and the social/economic progress of our country.

lm, at 12:16 pm EST on December 15, 2006

Finally!

After sending 4 daughters through public high school in santa fe and having 2 of them drop out (highly intelligent girls) from absolute boredom and lack of stimulation, I have been working on shortening the high school years in Santa Fe for the last 3 years. This change is revolutionary and absolutely necessary!

Lynn Atkison, TRiO Learning Spealist/ College Success Faculty at Santa Fe Community College, at 12:16 pm EST on December 15, 2006

Seeking a Revolution

Regardless of what I might think of the concept, having a bright 16 year old in my home now I will just say that if they can go (and I do mean GO) away to college at 16, you can have ‘em! I’m sure our colleagues in student affairs, counseling services and housing just can’t wait.

Arlene, at 2:30 pm EST on December 15, 2006

High Quality Teachers

Regarding Im’s comment on luring the top tier graduates into teaching, there are other possibilities. One is to go after retired corporate executives who may be looking for other challenges in their lives. They have the experience that can be passed on to these young people as well as practical application of learnings that would bold well for both higher education and the workforce.

I may well be one of those future teachers too. As a former owner of an ad agency and current Ph.D. student in Psychology — I constantly look for new challenges in my life and teaching may be one of those.

Cheers,

Bob :-)

Bob Choat, Business Owner and Doctoral Student, at 2:35 pm EST on December 15, 2006

The right idea?

Copying the German/British model isn’t a bad idea, but it cannot work without a complete overhaul of how higher education is funded in the US. The European system is based in the idea of essentially free universities, so access to those via testing regimes has a touch of fairness to it. In the US access to education is tied directly to family income. Which means the whole thing would be impossible.

So, if this commission (which bizarrely included John “No Money for Higher Education” Engler) can find ways to equally finance US K-12 education, and make higher education free, I think they may have the right idea.

Ira Socol, Michigan State University, at 2:36 pm EST on December 15, 2006

where’s the financial incentive

Once again, these reports refuse to look at obvious, which is that funding for public school education in this country is funded by local property tax (in almost all states). Till the structure of funding of k-12 changes, I don’t see how recruitng college students at the ‘top’ of their classes are going to be persuaded, when they can make 2-3x the amount of money working in the business world. If we actually paid teachers commensurate with the ‘importance’ of their jobs and the funding for schools was not dependent on being located in a ‘poor’ or ‘rich’ neigboorhood (see the recent cases on the Supreme Court’s docket about trying to prevent ‘resegregation’, do you think the parents who brought the cases would be as upset that their students would be bussed to a different school if that school was of the same quality then the one in their rich, largely white neigborhoods?)

These reports are a joke because like NCLB they refuse to acknowledge the underlying class issues and think more testing or recruitment is going to solve the problem.

com college prof, at 3:20 pm EST on December 15, 2006

Appropriate?

I’m concerned that the nature of higher learning makes college-level courses developmentally inappropriate for many high school students. Students in their mid teens typically have not achieved a level of cognitive/epistemological development necessary to benefit from higher learning. College is not just a matter of accumulating facts, which anyone can do. To the contrary, college is a matter of personal, epistemological, spiritual, and other types of development. Developmental progress typical of a collegiate experience is, in my opinion, unlikely to occur at such early ages.

David Franklin Ayers, Assistant Professor of Higher Education at UNC Greensboro, at 6:30 am EST on December 16, 2006

Early college

My son left his regular high school at the end of his sophomore year (age 16) when he was offered a full ride scholarship to enroll at Simon’s Rock College of Bard. This college is operated on the principle that students, especially bright ones, are ready for college at 16 or 17. He earned an AA degree at 18, then transfered to another college to finish his batchelor’s degree.

Margaret Christmann, parent, at 2:10 pm EST on December 16, 2006

Quick notes

The goal is right:’focus its economy on high end products and services’. How to achieve it is the problem.

The core: Build up the working ethic and the responsibility.

Professor Duemer, Yes. Not all public understand what a college training really mean. On the other hand, if public do understand what a college training really mean, will they still interest in current college program?

com college prof, I understand that public fund the k12 and community college. However, that does not mean they have to give all the kids all the chances. Just like public funded government, not every got to be the governor. Test may not perfect, but the point is we need something that, for one, set goals and, for two, a criteria that to make use public resources effectively. As mentioned before, not all kids are for college, eventhough we do need guide them to appropriate future.

I really thing working ethic is the core. A responsible teacher will honest to the knowledge. If you don’t know, keep open mind and find the right answer. No body knows everything. I have seen too many teacher think they are GODs and thinking textbooks are Bible. An open mind is what made people continue to learn and that makes good teachers.

If teacher continue to learn. It makes good live example for students.

Duncan, at 9:45 am EST on December 18, 2006

I would echo the comments of several people that we do have students that are ready for an advanced academic program rather than staying in high school for another year or two.

My concern is if these students can socially adjust to this climate. We are talking about putting 16 and 17 year old students in a system with 19 to 21 year old adults. The peer pressure to drink, do drugs, or participate in sexual activity no doubt will be great. I do beleieve these young people often will want to fit in with the older crowd and may participants in activites that may not reflect a good choice. For parents and school officals dealing with these issues, it will be very challenging to say the least.

With online learning this may be the bridge to still have high school students begin advanced classes, but in a high school setting that can be monitored.

Ron Fairchild, parent, community college staff, at 10:45 am EST on December 18, 2006

While not all 16-year olds may be ready for all rigourous coursework and temptations of college there are a select few who are. Across the nation there are dual enrollment programs where high school students take college classes. I’ve heard of students as young as 15 enrolled in them. I for one am enrolled at a Dual Enrollment high school made up of only juniors and seniors (16 and 17 year olds) whom attend college. The high school itself is situated on the college campus and every student there takes high school courses half the day and college classes for the other half. They are the brightest in county, exceptionally mature, and more than adept at handling a college atmosphere. Not all of America’s youth need to be coddled. The concept is revolutionary but I think a revolution in education is just what we need.

Melo H., Too young? at Student, at 5:35 am EST on December 19, 2006

Age is a number, and so is a test score

The “Choices” report is the first thing I have read in 15 years of teaching that encourages me that “policy” people like the Commission have any common sense at all. All that NCLB has done is create a boom market for educational consultants who know how to help school administrators massage multiple choice test scores. Meanwhile, the quality of the students leaving our K-12 educational system gets worse and worse.

Our country needs to wake up and look at the world around us. People arguing that 16 is too young for college haven’t read the report...at 10th grade you could pass a board exam which then qualifies you to do the last two years of college-preparatory work prior to admission to a 4-year institution OR go to a tech/vocational school with other 11th graders with similar ambitions. You could obtain credit (like AP courses now) that count toward college. Nobody is proposing mixing 16-year olds with adults. Even is we did, do you think we would get a much different result than the current outcomes obtained by placing 18-year olds in college? I know 25-year olds that shouldn’t be allowed to drive a car, much less attend college.

To act on the report’s suggestions, the biggest obstacles to overcome will be the unions and their lobbyists, the current testing/remediation infrastructure and their lobbyists, and the overall apathy of an American Public where so many people (regardless of socioeconomic status) are fat, dumb and happy, that concern about how to improve education ranks somewhere below getting a good deal on a flat screen TV.

Meanwhile, our schools essentially work like they did 150 years ago. Shame on us.

Bret H., Teacher at Public School, at 10:45 am EST on December 19, 2006

With all the helicopter parenting that I encounter today, I am skeptical about whether a majority of 16-year-olds, no matter how bright, are socially and emotionally ready to handle the realities of college life. A great number of 18-year-olds have difficulty when confronted with the realities of paying their own bills, doing their own laundry, dealing with college drinking and other social pressures, or studying for finals while holding down a part-time job. Clinical epression among college-age students is high. The fact that you’re smart doesn’t necessarily mean that you’re mature. In fact, many of the brighter students I meet are more socially awkward that their peers. It seems to me that, until we have a cultural shift that allows teens to learn life skills — and until well-meaning but overprotective parents learn to let go — this tiered plan is not likely to work.

Admissions Counselor, at 2:20 pm EST on December 19, 2006

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