News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
Aug. 30, 2007
In college admissions, how early is too early? And is it realistic to think that admissions reforms that make sense in the Northeast will also work in the Midwest and Southeast? These are two questions coming to a head in a debate that has reopened among admissions counselors about admitting some applicants prior to the start of their senior year of high school.
Last year the National Association for College Admission Counseling voted to bar member colleges from admitting students to institutions prior to September 15 of the students’ senior years in high school, and from setting application deadlines prior to October 15 of the senior year. The move followed more than a year of study by the association and reports that more colleges were engaged in what some called “early early decision” in ways that critics feared put undue pressure on high school students too early in the process.
While NACAC can’t order colleges to change practices, the association’s policies are respected in the admissions world and most deans do not want to be seen as violating them.
In recent months, letters have been circulating among admissions officials asking the association to reconsider. One group of opponents of the policy comes from Big 12 universities and another from public universities in Michigan. The president of NACAC, Mary Lee Hoganson, recently sent a memo (first reported in The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette) to leaders of the association saying that there is enough opposition to the policy that it will probably come up for reconsideration at the association’s meeting, next month in Austin. “This is a nation blessed with a wide variety of postsecondary options; however, this advantage also makes it extremely difficult to come up with ‘one-size-fits-all’ solutions,” she wrote.
The chief critics of the policy could not be reached Wednesday. But they have said in the past that large public universities that enroll many students who may not be certain about going to college benefit from reaching out to students before senior year of high school and offering admission. Much of the concern about early decision admissions — in which students must commit to attend a college if accepted — involves colleges where admission is highly competitive. Many of the institutions opposing the policy operate in more populist educational traditions.
Pete Caruso, associate director of undergraduate admissions at Boston College, was chair of NACAC’s Admissions Practices Committee when it studied the issue. He said that the September 15 date was actually a compromise. Many colleges in New England would have preferred to see even more of the senior year of high school unfold before admissions offers are made, he said, while some in other parts of the country thought the date was too late. In part, Caruso said, it depends when high schools start and counselors have enough time to meet with seniors.
Caruso said that committee members also were aware of the importance of respecting “institutional autonomy” and that NACAC does not want to have too many rules for its members. But at the same time, he said that there were valid reasons to set limits on early offers of admission. It is not good for students to be weighing admissions officers when their high school counselors aren’t around, he said. In addition, Caruso noted the widespread concerns about increased anxiety and competition in admissions.
“We talk so much in our profession about fit and match, and if we continue to accelerate this process, how does that allow a student to examine options fully?” he asked.
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It is so amazing to me to watch higher education respond to unprecendented competition by claiming that offering admission to students earlier than senior year is to help encourage them to go to college. We now have students taking college courses in 9th and 10th grade. Elementary students making college visits, many recruitment events are held for younger students. Isn’t that enough? Have we considered at all the natural psychological development of teenagers and the pressure we all hear about and wring our hands over such as more students taking anti-depresants, etc.Why add to that pressure? Any objection to this measure should be questioned thoroughly, outreach is very different than admission offers and I would recommend we carefully separate the 2.
Enrollment Manager, at 8:55 am EDT on August 30, 2007
Perhaps the best way to get back senior year would be to free seniors entirely from the overwhelming, all-consuming college admissions process. A previous comment pointed out that the absence of counseling in summer is at the heart if this issue. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if the summer before senior year could be used for college admissions counseling and application writing....and in a digital age, why shouldn’t that be possible?
Kathleen, at 9:40 am EDT on August 30, 2007
Cooling the competition among highly-competitive institutions is a wonderful idea. But those in the ivory towers of highly-competitive admissions need to come down long enough to realize that many less competitive, often public, institutions base admission decisions strictly on objective data like admission test scores and high school GPAs and, frankly, the bar is pretty low...extremely low in some instances. These institutions practice rolling admission and often don’t even require a response until well beyond May 1 if at all. Admissions officers at these institutions are asking, “What competition?”
Why should they be subject to a one size fits all policy that solves a problem that doesn’t exist among such institutions and their unselective peers?
Another Admissions Officer, at 10:05 am EDT on August 30, 2007
There are two things low income first generation students need to know.
1. Will they have enough money to be able to afford to attend?2. Will they be able to be admitted someplace.
I am not persuaded by the argument that these students need to know they are admitted before September 15th. It is very easy for institutions to let students know that if they have earned a certain GPA, taken certain courses, and earned an earned a specific score on their admissions test that they will be admitted at a later date. The Twenty First Century Scholars Program in Indiana, for example, takes this kind of approach for financial assistance.
If we continue to advocate earlier and earlier dates, and add to this mix, early decision, we have of course a recipe for chaos for students. That of course brings up one more point. Low income and first generation students need simplicity, transparency, and predictability in both the admissions and aid processes.
We have a long ways to go on both fronts.
Don Hossler
Don Hossler, Indiana University, at 10:05 am EDT on August 30, 2007
I do not understand the hand wringing about offers when high school counselors are not available. Most students are working closely and collaboratively with their parents and other family members on these decisions. Additionally, many at risk students do not even have real access to a counselor who can spend much individual time with them. It seems a litle hollow to make an argument for a delayed admission date to accomodate the summer schedules of high school counselors.
My experience is that most parents and students want to know their options as soon as possible. It seems rather condescending to argue that we should wait to make offers until these students and parents can talk with a professional in a high school about an offer of admission. The students and parents will make these decisions just fine. They will also seek out, even demand, services and help if and when they need them.
Brad, at 10:50 am EDT on August 30, 2007
One big issue is binding Early Decision where the student commits to attend a particular institution and withdraw all other applications. This is a policy that favors the wealthy who are not concerned about the financial aid process.
Simply telling the student that they are admitted (which as several posters have pointed out may be quite straightforward for large public schools) is a different matter.
Keep options open, at 10:55 am EDT on August 30, 2007
Once again NACAC has wasted time fretting over the tail of the curve. In any eligiblity-based system — there are plenty — a student (or their counselor) can figure out it if they’re admitted on their own. So now it’s illegal for me to confirm eligibility until two weeks into school? Ridiculous.
I dare not say, at 12:20 pm EDT on August 30, 2007
I would like to see admissions at competitive universities moved until the summer before students are going to college. I know there are a variety of reasons that make that impractical, such as kids needing to be able to compare aid packages, but colleges now make decisions without a critical piece of information- seniors’ performance on AP exams. Approximately 50% of AP exams are taken by seniors and increasingly course rigor is a primary determinant in admissions. Without knowing how kids do on AP exams it’s impossible to know whether the students “got” the material.
Patrick Mattimore, Teacher, at 12:40 pm EDT on August 30, 2007
Enrollment Manager is right...outreach and early admissions are two extremely different things. I’ll go a step further and say that the two have almost mutually exclusive benefits. Whatever rationale a college can spin-doctor about the additional services they can provide early, early admitted students, the bottom line is that the school’s desire to do this is purely driven by their enrollment goals. They have marching orders to “make their numbers” at virtually any cost, and if they think that admitting HS juniors will help them accomplish that, they’ll do it, whether it’s for the students’ benefit or not. Hitting enrollment targets is not a student-centered goal.
I can tell you, any college that would admit my daughter that early would be crossed off the list in a heartbeat.
Early decision is bad enough...moving it up even further is absurd.
DS, at 2:10 pm EDT on August 30, 2007
Binding early admissions is worthy of debating. But, why the angst over non-binding admissions?
Bob Wiley, at 2:45 pm EDT on August 30, 2007
Caruso said: “We talk so much in our profession about fit and match, and if we continue to accelerate this process, how does that allow a student to examine options fully?” he asked.
The Midwestern institutions opposed to this policy join Mr. Caruso in the belief that students should have the opportunity to examine their options fully —none ask a student to commit prior to May 1. These institutions simply want the autonomy to extend an offer on their own timelines. If anything, a September offer gives a student even more time to examine options and determine fit. It’s those March regular decision offers that really put pressure on students to make a quick decision.
Midwest Enrollment Manager, at 4:00 pm EDT on August 30, 2007
Like some other respondents, I’m struggling to understand why the (laudable) objectives of the Midwestern Us and others are irreconcilable with the (equally laudable) objectives of the elite schools?
We all want prospective college students to have as much good information as early as possible. Those of us whose livelihoods do not depend on meeting enrollment quotas (and many of those whose livelihoods do) also want them to have as long as possible to make up their minds, because circumstances and desires change fast at that age.
But why does the kind of information that has been cited in support of removing the limits need to be tied to admission at all? For instance, isn’t the year-to-year or class-to-class variance in the *institutional* portion of the aid package a relatively small portion of the total (for both wealthy and poor schools, albeit for very different reasons)? If so, why couldn’t a school give an estimate to, say, a 13 y.o.—with suitable caveats, of course? Precision would increase as enrollment came closer, and at some point the institution would need to make a binding offer-but if the process were managed well, that binding offer would come as little or no surprise.
If anything, this approach would appear to help the Midwestern group with their goal of engaging students earlier; tackled properly, it might promote highly desirable dialogues with students and parents as early as several years before enrollment—early enough to have beneficial effects on family financial planning. It would avoid introducing another tiered system that segregates institutions into haves and have-nots. And by retaining the limits on formal offers, it would continue to block some of the more self-serving motives that have been suggested for admissions staffs at the less-selective schools. I can’t speak to whether such motives exist or how widespread they may be, but if they do exist, I want them blocked just as much as I want blocked the equivalent motives at more-selective schools.
CJ, at 5:00 am EDT on August 31, 2007
At stake here are matters of institutional integrity and credible intent in a consumer process. While it is easy to debate the merit of a given practice, each institution (regardless of NACAC membership) has a greater obligation to ensure that its own practices—whatever they might be—and the motives behind them are transparent to the various publics with which they are engaged.
Peter Van Buskirk, Author, Consultant, Motivational Speaker, at 5:00 am EDT on August 31, 2007
Several commentators refer to moving the decision date earlier. This isn’t about making the decision date earlier, it’s about prohibiting current practices. If we are basing our decisions on academic performance through the junior year of high school (which is true for the vast majority of us), there is no reason to withhold the decision. And if a student’s eligibility for admission is going to hinge on their performance in their senior year — particularly the first half of their senior year (often the case at my institution, and we let the student know that in our rolling review process)— best that they know that in time to make any necessary adjustments to their schedule and their mindset. Clearly this model isn’t followed by everyone, but for those of us in the public system who have rolling admissions, it is a benefit to the students to let them know as early as possible.
William, at 7:55 am EDT on August 31, 2007
I have spoken with many first generation/lower income students who wait until they have been admitted before they visit an institution. They cannot afford to visit every one to which they applied. It is important to let these students know earlier but certainly not with a binding agreement.
Margaret, Admissions Counselor, at 10:15 am EDT on August 31, 2007
You don’t need to look very far to find an education consultant to tell you that a student never forgets the very first school that sends them a brochure, or the first school to offer admission, or the first to send housing information, etc. Being the “first in” is an advantage to the institution, not the student. Institutions who admit students in the summer aren’t just offering admission early, they also start the process for housing, registration, and so on. Why? Because the more a student becomes engaged with the college, the more likely the student is to enroll.
Is this really about helping disadvantaged students? Most won’t even begin receiving financial aid information until February or March. What is the rush? Do we want students to make a good decision or a fast decision?
Just because students and parents want an answer as quickly as possible isn’t a reason to give them one. Most students and parents believe they should have the right to send in multiple deposits, but we don’t have a problem telling them that’s a not allowed. Why? Well, because that causes a problem for the institution.
I have yet to see a solid argument as to why accepting a student on July 15 instead of September 15 is truly a significantly greater advantage to the student. Instead, everything still points to an advantage for institutions who want to lock in students as early as possible. Students may have until May 1 to decide, but it’s tough to wait that long when the pressure starts in July after the junior year.
Admissions Dean, at 11:45 am EDT on August 31, 2007
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They’re sound arguments on both sides, but the single most compelling point is that students shouldn’t be encouraged to make college decisions when high schools are closed and counselors aren’t around. The current dates are good compromises, and they don’t prevent institutions from doing all kinds of outreach short of making offers and accepting commitments—which dilutes the argument that super-early dates (or none at all) help to keep students on a college track.
One admissions officer, at 8:10 am EDT on August 30, 2007