News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
Oct. 1, 2007
For several years now, British faculty unions have been voting in various ways to encourage members to boycott Israeli academics and universities — and ignoring anti-boycott pleas and resolutions and requests from scholarly societies, university presidents and academics from Britain, the United States and in some cases the Palestinian Authority. On Friday, the union announced an abrupt reversal: Based on legal advice, calls for the boycott will be dropped.
A statement from the University and College Union said that after the latest vote by union leaders, in May, the group’s leaders sought legal advice to make sure the organization wouldn’t face court challenges. The lawyers said that pushing for a boycott would be illegal. “It would be beyond the union’s powers and unlawful for the union, directly or indirectly, to call for, or to implement, a boycott by the union and its members of any kind of Israeli universities and other academic institutions; and that the use of union funds directly or indirectly to further such a boycott would also be unlawful,” the lawyers said. As a result, the union is calling off plans for a tour of local chapters to encourage them to support a boycott.
Technically, the latest version of the measure to isolate Israeli academics — adopted in May — was in fact a call for a boycott, rather than a boycott. Delegates to the union’s convention voted to circulate to members and divisions a resolution calling for an academic boycott of Israel. Proponents of the boycott said that Israel’s treatment of Palestinians rose to the level that deserved not only international censure, but the isolation of universities and academics, whom boycott advocates said are complicit with Israel’s government. Leading supporters of the boycott did not respond to requests for their reaction to the latest news, nor did they update Web sites that they have maintained to make the case for a boycott.
Sue Blackwell, one outspoken advocate of the boycott and a professor at the University of Birmingham, said to The Guardian of the union’s decision: “It is quite ridiculous. It is cowardice. It is outrageous and an attack on academic freedom.”
British faculty unions do not have the power to enforce a boycott and from the start, some professors have ignored the movement and continued ties to Israel. But others have not and some Israeli scholars have been told over the years that, for example, their editorial contributions are no longer needed at certain journals edited by boycott leaders.
The boycott calls in their various forms have brought strong denunciations from academic groups. They have noted that generally accepted principles of academic freedom are based on the value of ongoing scholarly communication around the world, that other means exist to protest the policies of Israel’s government, and that many Israeli academics are among the leading critics of their government’s policies.
Some pro-boycott British academics have said exceptions would be made for selected academics, but academic freedom experts have said that would be even more troublesome in that it would establish political litmus tests for academics to meet to avoid a boycott. While pro-Israel groups have organized much of the opposition, the revulsion of the idea of an academic boycott is strong even among groups without great love for Israeli leaders. The Middle East Studies Association, for example, which has protested numerous Israeli actions, in 2005 came out against a boycott as antithetical to academic freedom. “We especially oppose penalizing entire segments of an academic community for any reason whatsoever,” a letter from the association said.
Ofir Frankel, executive director of the International Advisory Board for Academic Freedom, a group formed to oppose the boycott movement, issued a statement welcoming its end. “The UCU has realized at last that an academic boycott is not a legitimate means of political protest,” Frankel said, adding that ties between Israel and Palestinian scholars, and those from other countries, should expand, reflecting the way “academicians were always [at] the vanguard of change and bringing about of peace.”
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In the view of the larger community, professors have two big strikes against them. They have unprecedented job security, even if they perform with manifest incompetence. They often show a complete lack of practical reasoning skills, probably caused by the first strike.
The highly educated University and College Union members are so utterly stupid they cannot see the obvious contradiction, one easily noticed by any tradesman or tech school graduate. Union members cannot legitimately claim the principle of academic freedom to justify the abolition of academic freedom.
Duh.
The Leftist university reasons at a level below grade schoolers. By and large, that’s why sensible people ignore academics.
Jeff, at 10:50 am EDT on October 1, 2007
Dear InsideHigherEd, Are comments like Jeff’s last one really contributing anything here? Do you screen these messages as your warning suggests? If he is a “sensible person” according to his own description of what such people do, why is he spending his time reading about academics instead of just ignoring them? Signed, A person who rarely reads these comment sections for precisely this kind of reason,S. Schneewind
Sarah Schneewind, at 12:25 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
Modal qualifiers like “by and large” are important. Please note them in the future.
I know that life in higher education is tough, Sarah. But we all have to grow up sometime, and growing up means facing criticism. While academia likes to think of itself above criticisms from the larger public, it simply isn’t. You get your money from us.
Some acts are so stupid, and so logically inconsistent, that a good polemic is warranted. The British Union’s long campaign against Israeli academics and graduate students is atrocious. Not all ideas can be taken seriously, even under the rubric of so-called “collegiality.” This was one of them.
Get over yourself Sarah.
Jeff, Dear Sara, at 12:50 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
I think that Sarah has a point – in part. A lot of comments just seem to be the regular menu of academe-bashing by people outside academe. A number of the parts of Jeff’s comments are simply rants about how he is supposedly smarter than some unnamed professors.
Stripping away the silly parts, Jeff’s comments still don’t seem to make much sense. The story relates to events in the U.K. Jeff’s comments appear to relate to political parties in the U.S. He also seems to conflate British “faculty unions” with American trade unions, which are somewhat different animals.
What is left of Jeff’s comment is a familiar rant that academics must somehow pay heed to non academics that pay their salary. First of all, it is unclear whether individuals outside the academy really despite academics as much as he does. After all, Americans judge each other by our educational pedigrees, and universities provide various services to a community. Secondly, it is also unclear whether American universities have the same political relationships with the taxpayers that British universities do.
Finally, and most strange, is the fact that American academics generally thought these British actions were counterproductive. Although an institutional refusal to deal with Israeli academics probably would be illegal under American law, nobody seemed too interested in pushing the limits here, anyway.
Larry, at 1:50 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
The British faculty unions deserve praise by raising the consciousness of the academics everywhere about what Jimmy Carter has called the apartheid policy of Israel. When such a policy has virtually destroyed the rights of the palestinian children to be educated in a safe and stable environment, academics in the nations that support that policy have a moral obligation to speak up. We academics are committed to the “public use of reason,” as Immanuel Kant has argued in his famous essay, “What is Enlightenment?”
Academic boycott in reality is not possible, and the British faculty have realized that. But the point is that their courageous stance against what is correctly characterized as apartheid has generated a discusssion which will continue until the issues are resolved justly. Apartheid as a public policy is unteneble, and one would hope to see the day when Israelis treat the Palestinians as human beings with equal dignity.
Bob, at 3:40 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
Bob, How can something be a “courageous stance” when you admit that all it does is “raise consciousness” and is ineffective?
To be truly courageous, one must take some risk! If everyone knows that, at best, this “boycott” would only be honored when convenient, there is nothing courageous about it.
Wow.. this is just like people who call themselves heros for “supporting” a war.
Larry, at 4:35 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
Bob write: “Academic boycott in reality is not possible, and the British faculty have realized that.” Bob is wrong. I attended a conference in Britain from which people from South Africa (black or white) were banned.
John Lobell, Professor at Pratt Institute, at 4:35 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
Bob: Your comment on Israel’s actions as “what is correctly characterized as apartheid” show that you know absolutely nothing about South Africa’s apartheid in the pre-freedom days. To trivialize the suffering and degradation of the black majority in South Africa under the former white apartheid regime, by a bogus comparison with anything going on in South Afrca, as Jimmy and now you are doing, shows total ignorance of the true state of affairs both in the former South Africa and current Israel.
The fact is, there is no comparison of the two except possibly as a simplistic, narrow-minded level — sort of like calling every despot “Adolf Hitler". Makes you feel good and in command of the facts, but really is ignorant. Drop it.
Manny, at 4:35 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
I appreciate the comments above in response to mine. Speakig up against injustice does require courage (remember Socrates), especially when it risks being labelled something as odious as antisemetic. That label, imposed on honest academics for criticizing Israeli policies, has cost them their tenure, their job, their promotion, or their mobility. Recall also the fact that many scholars have been denied visa to enter the United States for speaking out against Israeli policies.
Those policies do fit the definition of apartheid in every way, and they are unsustainable. We are either justifying them or questioning them through this discussion. In either case, our words do have an effect, however small, in the long run. If not, we would not care to read or write these comments at all.
Bob, at 6:20 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
This is good news. The unions should stick to representing their members and commenting on professional issues, not international politics. More debate with more players will do more good than boycotts.
Ken, at 9:40 pm EDT on October 1, 2007
Larry wrote, “The story relates to events in the U.K. Jeff’s comments appear to relate to political parties in the U.S.” No. Leftists are prevalent in the UK, Liberals in the US.
Larry wrote, “He also seems to conflate British “faculty unions” with American trade unions, which are somewhat different animals.” Nowhere do I commit this error.
Larry wrote, “What is left of Jeff’s comment is a familiar rant that academics must somehow pay heed to non academics that pay their salary.” Not really, since this was in reply to another poster.
Really, there’s no ’somehow’ about it. As the AAUP states, “Institutions of higher education are conducted for the common good and not to further the interest of either the individual teacher or the institution as a whole.” The common good extends far, far beyond the boundaries of the university. Academics feel entirely free to judge people not in academia, and it’s right and proper that they do. Likewise, there is no legitimate reason, a priori, to toss the judgments of non-academics about universities and professors.
It’s a Democracy. Money is allocated according to the general will. If you want our money, you get us too.
Larry wrote, “it is unclear whether individuals outside the academy really despite academics as much as he does.” It’s a good point. Academics are held up more as humorously useless artifacts than as objects of disdain, both in the US and the UK. Fair point.
Larry wrote, “Americans judge each other by our educational pedigrees, and universities provide various services to a community.” And the community provides various services to universities. I think it far from clear that American judge one another by educational pedigree! Americans judge one another by economic achievement. In judging others, education is entirely subordinated to money-making. America is not a nation of philosophers, nor honor-lovers, but of money-lovers. It takes a long while in an insular Ivory Tower to miss that aspect of American society.
Larry wrote, “it is also unclear whether American universities have the same political relationships with the taxpayers that British universities do.” This is the best point you make. I concede it.
Larry wrote, “American academics generally thought these British actions were counterproductive.” And where was the vigorous opposition? Oh, right. That would entail a spirited criticism —- and it might even become a “rant” in the eyes of the opposition. How un-collegeal.
Jeff, at 12:55 am EDT on October 2, 2007
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Cowards as well as Anti-Semites
The British faculty unions are clearly anti-Semitic, although that is a long tradition in Britain. One does not have to argue the case of the Israeli treatment of the Palestinians one way or the other, but simply point out that there are far worse cases of injustice in the world since 1967 and continuing to this day. I might refer to the Chinese destruction of Tibet and the Tibetan people, but that is only one of dozens of cases one might mention.
I find no mention of these other cases on their website.
As for cowardly. They make reference on their site to the American student anti-Vietnam war movement. That movement was in the tradition of civil disobedience. When one disobeys, one expects to be arrested. That is the whole idea. When you protest injustice, you do not check with your lawyer. You do what is right. While I am disgusted with the anti-Semitism of the British faculty unions, I am equally disgusted with their cowardice in not continuing their stand again what they believe to be an injustice on the advice of their lawyer.
John Lobell, Professor at Pratt Institute, at 9:30 am EDT on October 1, 2007