News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
July 14
California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger on Thursday signed legislation that raises the limit on how much individual part-time faculty members can work at any one community college from 60 percent to 67 percent of a full-time professor’s load.
While the increase of seven percentage points may seem relatively minor, it will have a significant impact on many adjuncts. Those who teach 5-unit courses (a common circumstance for those in languages and some other fields, and one third of a standard 15-credit load) have been unable to teach more than one course at a college. Those wanting a full-time load have to teach at three or more institutions.
The legislation has been discussed in recent weeks in the context of the rapid increase in gas prices, which has been disastrous for many California part-timers who find their pay disappearing as they navigate the state’s infamously crowded highways.
But tensions over the cap predate the current gas inflation and reflect differing views on how best to help part-time faculty members. The cap was originally put into law as part of an effort to pressure community colleges to hire more full-time faculty members. But opposition to the cap and the push to raise (or even eliminate it) has come from adjuncts, who say the idea hasn’t worked.
“The original idea was to assure that we had no non-tenure track, full-time positions,” said Marty Hittelman, president of the California Federation of Teachers, who teaches mathematics at Los Angeles Valley College. The problem, he said, is that “it wasn’t advancing the number of full-time positions. Districts were hiring for 60 percent and then people had to teach somewhere else.”
While some have argued for going higher than 67 percent or even eliminating the cap, Hittelman said some limit is needed. “We feel that the full-time, non-tenure track position is exploitation,” he said.
David Milroy, chair of the executive council of the California Part-Time Faculty Association, said he would have preferred 80 percent as the cap, but that his group agreed to 67 percent to assure broad support from other faculty groups. Milroy said that for 99 percent of adjuncts, just about any increase in the cap is a good thing. A French instructor, Milroy said that the new law will allow him to teach more than one section at the same college for the first time in 20 years.
If colleges permit non-tenure-track faculty in the same fields to trade sections, the impact of the new law could be great, Milroy said. He cited the example of two such faculty members teaching “in Chico and Shasta — 75 miles one way — who teach the same subject/courses and could trade and stay on their closer campus instead of passing each other on the freeway just to make a living.”
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When will administrators wake up and see that one or two classes is not enough for part time faculty to make a living. Ive been doing this for 10 years and have taught in six districts.Stop limiting assignments and let us have one year contracts so we can support our families.There is no need to have a two teired system.
Diana Ramseyer, at 9:15 am EDT on July 14, 2008
While I applaud Diana’s goal of better wages and assignments for contingent faculty, the unfortunate problem is that administrators already are fully aware of how the system abuses contingent faculty, the abuse is perpetrated by administrators with their eyes wide open. Everyone tends to work in their own self interest.
Administrators do so by cutting costs on the backs of the contingent faculty. Full-time tenure track faculty often help administrators because of their fear that the “adjuncts will take our jobs", not seeing that it’s already been happening under their noses for decades.
What is needed is to effectively organize contingent faculty so they gain the power to work towards their own self interests. Since there are now more contingents on a college campus than any other group, besides students themselves, consider the power of number. If we could create a new model to accomplish this, the proverbial sky is the limit.
Barry Edwards, Oregon COCAL, at 10:55 am EDT on July 14, 2008
So one of the main reasons for the raised ceiling was higher gas prices, which strain the meager profits an adjunct receives from teaching a course? What about pushing for adjuncts to teach their courses online, reducing their travel expenses (and other costs such as child care and meals)and those of their students?
Martin Tessmer, Research Professor at University of Colorado at Denver, at 1:52 pm EDT on July 14, 2008
I’m lucky enough to have a full-time teaching job at the college level, although not tenure-track. I have an honest question, though, that I have not seen asked elsewhere (which is probably apostasy): why do so many contingent instructors keep working part-time on two or three different campuses? Why not get a different, “lower” job that would be full-time with benefits? It seems to me that a high school teaching job with better pay and benefits (than adjunct work) would be preferable to being in limbo-esque “adjunct hell,” or even that an office job would have to be better than working a job whose transportations costs match the salary. I know teaching at the college level is different than other forms of labor; nevertheless, a PhD or an MA should be able to make economic decisions weighing the annoyance of a different line of work versus the out-and-out disrespect from administrators holding instructors in adjunct limbo.
schencka, English Instructor, at 1:53 pm EDT on July 14, 2008
I was part-time instructor for 6 years. After 6 years of freeway flying, I landed a fulltime position. My goal was to get a full-time position at a Community College and was willing to sacrifice. I was willing to relocate and applied all over the state. There is an unenforced law in the California that the California Community College system is required to maintain a full-time to part-time faculty ratio of 75:25. This goal of 75/25 is often ignored by schools to cut costs by hiring Part-time faculty who do not receive benefits and at most school do not have office hours for students. Increasing the part time load gives schools more room to ignore this 75% goal and hire more part-timers with no benefits. The part timers who are pushing this idea have given up looking for full-time jobs with benefits. If they were serious about getting a full-time job, they would have directed their energy toward enforcement of the 75/25 law/goal. This would have lead to hiring of more full-time faculty. Instead as the result of this increase more part-timers will stay freeway fliers for life.
75/25, at 3:00 pm EDT on July 14, 2008
I cannot agree with Schenk’s remark about why do adjuncts continue to work for such low wages. I saw a job listing at a comm. coll. 50 miles from my town. At the cost of gas and maintenance compared to the wages offered, I concluded that I would be losing money by taking the job, so I passed. I’d rather take anything else locally than accept a position whose pay is an insult to my intelligence. Besides, I can tutor and make more money. Let the college administrators find some other chump.
Victoria English, at 4:45 pm EDT on July 14, 2008
America’s Contingent Faculty continue to remain an invisible labor force in CC’s funding priorities, while full-time continue to dwindle, yet the burden of teaching those extra courses fall’s on our shoulders, for which we are paid far less than our FT colleagues, and sans benefits. This is the textbook definition of exploitation.
A gentlemen in a previous email asked a fair question regarding why contingent faculty remain in these positions. The answer to that question is complex and varied, but overall, most educators are not in the profession because they want to make a fortune. Rather than a job, oftentimes teaching is a calling. Most CF do supplement their income with two or three other jobs.
Additionally, the need for qualified educators in higher ed fuels the capacity for exploitation. Instead of providing more full-time positions, or providing equitable pay and benefits, colleges hire CF and pay us a migrant worker wage.
Equity for America’s contingent faculty will only be realized through organization and legislation.
Check out the OREGON COCAL site for ways to become active in your community.
All the best, Teri Pastore-Contingent Faculty Instructor
Teri Pastore, OEA Contingent Faculty Caucus VP at PCC & MHCC, at 8:35 pm EDT on July 14, 2008
Schenka,College faculty are not qualified to teach high school. To do so, they must take a minimum of 3 education courses, practice teach (no matter how long they have been teaching), and pass certification tests.
On-line teaching is certainly one option. It is not a perfect solution. Many of my community college students can’t afford a computer. Blackouts are common in my area. People who process information differently than the set hyperlinks on a computer course may have an extraordinarily difficult time with computer courses.
If we are going to persist in the utopian, and utterly admirable, goal of offering a college education to every single person in the US (suitable or otherwise), the entire system will have to change.
Judith, at 8:15 am EDT on July 16, 2008
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Part-Time Fairness
If we are to continue hiring part-time faculty at all, and there is no doubt we will, then the previous cap made no sense. Limiting part-time faculty to one course at a campus was a brutal restriction. Nor is there any question that increased gas prices are having a decisive impact on our part-time colleagues. I meet part-time faculty in some states—living an hour or more from where they teach—and earning less than $2,000 per course—whose costs for gas will actually exceed what they earn. “I’m hoping my course doesn’t make,” one told me; he didn’t want to refuse a class because that would take him off the list for future courses, but he was destined to lose money on the assignment. In areas where people travel long distances, including great plains states, there is need for an immediate increase in per course compensation. But the only long-term solution is more full-time, tenure track jobs. Meanwhile, the CFA is done well at improving working conditions for all.
Cary NelsonAAUP President
Cary Nelson, at 8:20 am EDT on July 14, 2008