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Semiotics 101

Every semester I hear the same shopworn appeals for special dispensation for missed deadlines, even though my syllabi specify that only written requests from a dean or a doctor will be considered. Referring students to the syllabus usually evokes astonished assertions that surely it was an oversight to exclude their particular circumstances, which, in the sweep of Western civilization, are unique.

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It’s been at least 10 years since I’ve heard an original excuse, and I was beginning to suspect that the hip-hop generation was imagination-challenged. My mistake! New students simply don’t have the semiotics background to understand the difference between the sign (message sent) and the signified (message heard) of academic discourse. It’s not until the sophomore year that students begin to grasp this, thus I offer this humble Semiotics 101 lesson for first-year students, lest they inadvertently offend their professors.

Message Sent

Message Heard

“I was so busy with classes in my major that I simply didn’t have time for your assignment.”

“Your subject is so irrelevant I’m surprised it’s even offered at reputable schools. Did you lack the requisite skills to become a garbage collector?”

“I work full-time, care for small children, and am involved in community charity groups. It’s hard to find time to juggle all of this.”

“Unlike slothful bums like you who just show up to class, put in an occasional office hour, and then bugger off to drink coffee, and nap in the faculty lounge.”

“I was completely done with my paper, tried to print it, and found out that my processing system is incompatible with that of the college.” (Variants: “My ink cartridge ran out,” and, “The computer erased everything on my diskette.")

“I haven’t started this paper and I’m hoping you’re a big enough sap to fall for such a lame excuse.”

“This assignment was unfair and your instructions were unclear.”

“I have never misunderstood anything in my life. The problem is that you’re a sadist. How did you escape the Nuremberg trials?”

“I had a 24-hour stomach virus and was so sick that my roommate got scared and took me to the infirmary. Doctors said it was probably just food poisoning.”

“My roomie and I went out drinking at a local bar. The local fauna was looking fine, the music was loud, and I got plastered. But I wasn’t going to work on your silly assignment anyhow.”

“A close relative died last night.”

“It was actually the aunt of my fourth cousin thrice removed and last night was the 14th anniversary of her death.”

“You’re too demanding. I’m spending all my time on your course and neglecting all my other classes.”

“That’s because yours is the only one I have a prayer of passing.”

“I’ve been under a lot of pressure and am seeing a therapist who suggested that extra time to do my work would be helpful.”

“OK, it’s not a real therapist, but my friend did get a B in Psych 101 so I’m sure she knows what she’s talking about.”

“I have a learning disability.”

“Others seem to get things right away, but I have to study so I must have an LD. If you don’t pass me I’ll get someone to certify I do and sue your butt under the ADA.”

“I’m sorry I missed the deadline, but I couldn’t get back from break because of the snowstorm.”

“The parties on Aruba were so good that I stayed an extra three days. Did you know that ‘snow’ is a synonym for several classifications of powdered controlled substances?”

“If you give me a break this time, I promise I’ll never miss another deadline and that I’ll put extra effort into all other assignments.”

“Yeah, and Bambi’s mother will come back to life, dodos will roam the wild Australian plain, and cold fusion will power every American home.”

I could go on, but these humble examples should suffice to make first-year students realize that all utterances are texts and that they cannot privilege their interpretations over those of their professors. Armed with that knowledge there is but one failsafe response: Meet the deadlines!

Robert Weir teaches humanities and American studies at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and at Smith College. He is the author of four books, numerous articles, and has been teaching for 26 years. He has fielded approximately 47,311 excuses.

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Comments

Student Excuses

I think I have heard a better one:

“I missed class because my parakeet had diarrhea and I had to stay home and change the paper in the cage every time an “accident” happened...my mom’s a neat freak.

john christesen, Professor of Management at SUNY Westchester, at 8:39 am EDT on September 21, 2005

yeah! people with learning disabilities! oh those silly excuses!

Jonas!, Mastermind at The CardBoard Box Mansion, at 11:04 am EDT on September 21, 2005

Hm, I don’t know.

Some excuses are legitimate. Some relatives do die, printers don’t work, things happen. I’ve certainly heard my share of excuses, but we’ve got to approach each case on its own merits. Above all I feel a need to respect the students, even if they don’t respect their teachers sometimes, because I remember clearly how it felt to be on the other side of this, feeling guilty and frustrated and underslept.

I’ve read this article with the requisite grain of salt, and it still makes me uncomfortable. It’s disrespectful of circumstances which sometimes are, indeed, hard.

Vika Zafrin, Brown University, at 11:44 am EDT on September 21, 2005

Excuses

It’s cynical to assume that all such excuses are lies, and it doesn’t behoove professors of humanities to act inhumanely.

John Orr, at 11:44 am EDT on September 21, 2005

Excuses

And my personal favorite..."I didn’t meet the deadline because I couldn’t find matching socks.”

JMcD, at 12:00 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

Oh, you silly bleeding hearts! How long have you been teaching? Don’t you know yet that 99% of the time, you’ve been had?

J. Maria, at 12:12 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

The lessons of satire

It’s amusing, and not altogether unexpected, to see the responses from readers who have clearly missed the satirical intent of this “semiotic” reading of student excuses (of course, this same approach could be taken with professors excuses for not returning student work or administrators excuses for not approving chairs requests—this is one of those “Who many ______ does it take to screw in a lightbulb?” sort of jokes).

The concern for the legitimacy of student excuses is, no doubt, heartfelt, but it misses the point of this lighthearted satire.

Timothy Stevens, CUNY, at 12:12 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

Excuses

Belittling students always felt to me like a rite of passage through grad school. We differentiated ourselves from our undergrad days by differentiating ourselves from our students through condescension and arrogance.

Now those days are long gone, and harping on student excuses strikes me as just mean spirited. Teaching and surveillance are not the same thing. Students come to class or they don’t; they reap the benefits or they don’t.

If students miss class, they cannot make more work for us unless we let them. I have no attendance policy beyond the caveat that I only teach class during assigned class hours; I do not repeat classes in my office under any circumstances. Students must rely on one another for updates, etc.

It saddens me like others that students are assumed to be disingenuous. Those who are, really have no effect on our lives, those who are not benefit greatly from our trust and assistance.

Finally, I have learned over 20 years of teaching that in a classroom where mutual respect prevails attendance tends not to be much of an problem.

Kellie Bean, Associate Professor at Marshall University, at 12:37 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

warding off lame excuses

Yes, hearing the same lame excuses will make you cynical, and I realize the author is making light of every instructor’s unwanted chore: to decide who is lying and who really needs a little extra time for good reason. Because I have a big heart but hate to be taken advantage of, I have a few policies that have considerably cut down on the lame excuses. First, I tell students in writing and orally that in fairness to students who turn in their work on time all late assignments will be marked down 1/3 of a letter grade (i.e. B+ to B) for every day it is late, regardless of the reason short of a proven hospital admission. I stress that the reason an assignment is late is irrelevant; that the lowering of the grade will happen regardless. The rare student who then petitions with an excuse nonetheless generally tends to have a valid excuse (or at least a more creative one). As a result the past two quarters I’ve received only a handful of late papers, and the students did not complain or offer excuses when they received lowered grades. Since I’m not a scary ogre, I assume they simply took responsibility for their lateness rather than were in fear of approaching me. At the same time I give the Draconian consequences for late work, I drop a veiled hint that I am inclined to give extensions on the due date only if they approach me BEFORE the due date rather than on or after the due date. This allows for students who really do have issues in their lives to be treated kindly and separates them out from the empty printer cartridge group who simply decided to party the night before. And yes, I realize my policies make students prioritize my class and as a result my colleagues get the brunt of the lame excuses I don’t hear, but setting priorities is an important part of preparation for life, and my colleagues have the means of solving the problem as well.

Reader, at 12:37 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

After “Can I turn it in late?",

the second most prevalent question is “What did I miss?” This reminds me fo Tom Wayman’s poem:

Did I Miss Anything?

Tom WaymanOriginally from: The Astonishing Weight of the Dead. Vancouver: Polestar, 1994.

Did I Miss Anything Question frequently asked by students after missing a class.

Answers:

Nothing. When we realized you weren’t here we sat with our hands folded on our desks in silence, for the full two hours

Everything. I gave an exam worth 40 per cent of the grade for this term and assigned some reading due today on which I’m about to hand out a quiz worth 50 per cent

Nothing. None of the content of this coursehas value or meaning. Take as many days off as you like: any activities we undertake as a class I assure you will not matter either to you or me and are without purpose

Everything. A few minutes after we began last time a shaft of light descended and an angel or other heavenly being appeared and revealed to us what each woman or man must do to attain divine wisdom in this life and the hereafter. This is the last time the class will meet before we disperse to bring this good news to all people on earth

Nothing. When you are not present how could something significant occur?

Everything. Contained in this classroom is a microcosm of human existence assembled for you to query and examine and ponder

This is not the only place such an opportunity has been gathered

but it was one place

And you weren’t here

John, at 1:30 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

fav excuse

My favorite excuse was the student whoes grandmother died (I extended her assignment due date), a month later an aunt died (I was suspicious), when a second aunt died I started wondering aloud at home ... turns out my husband worked with the student’s father; he hadn’t taken any time off for a plethora of dying relatives.

Like many instructors I don’t want to be punative — my job is to teach. However, over the years I too have decided that the majority of students don’t really have a good excuse for late papers.

GMS Community College Faculty, Faculty at Cochise College, at 1:30 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

My college roommate, with the help of a scanner and some innovative editing, habitually changed the date on her grandmother’s obituary to use as an excuse for missing class.

Tabetha, at 1:59 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

Learning Disabilities

Hey Gang—

Please take my comments for the lighthearted satire they were meant to be. But to clarify one thing is a very serious way, as a former colleague who deals with LD *always* reminds, it’s actually against the law to *assume* an LD or to act as if one existed *unless* it has been documented by professionals whose job it is to assess such matters.

We should *never, ever* accept a student’s plea of a learning disability unless such a condition has been documented and the student *chooses* to make that information known to us. (Many, many students with LDs do not *want* to have them disclosed and do not *want* any special consideration.) If you’ve not seen the documentation, you should absolutely not be making any sort of LD accomodation for a student.

By the way, students *must* ask for LD consideration in advance of assingments, exams, etc., not ex post facto.

Rob Weir, at 7:05 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

dodo

The dodo was a flightless bird on Mauritius — rendered extinct in 1681. Its re-appearance 1000s of miles away on the “wild Australian Plain” would therefore be exceptionally surprising.PS — late paper excuses don’t work very well in Australia — we just dock them points on a sliding scale, and that is it. They have given up trying to find excuses at my University. The shoe is on the other foot — can instructors return the graded papers on time? (the answer is often “no” — excuses get prepared...)

SP, at 9:08 pm EDT on September 21, 2005

Occasionally, very very occasionally, a student misses a deadline because he has, in fact, been working maniacally but the overambitious ideas he’s been grooming simply haven’t come together yet.

After missing a deadline on a Milton paper by three weeks, I received back the following note:

“Grade: A. This paper was well worth the wait. However I do not wish to wait for anything from you ever again.”

I got the message.

DS, at 2:33 pm EDT on September 22, 2005

My favorite excuse? A student’s friend was involved in a freak hottub accident and needed to be excused from a quiz!

Not Asking Again, at 6:14 pm EDT on September 22, 2005

re: late assignments

Here’s what works for me. Let’s say, I give students three weeks to complete an assignment. I don’t assign a drop dead ‘due dead’. I tell students the assignment is due any day ON OR BEFORE the final date. I actually say to them — I know you can come up with a great excuse the day before the assignment is due. However, I challenge you to come up with an excuse that lasts for three straight weeks. This really works because the message is don’t procrastinate. Manage your time and budget in extra time for personal emergencies. You will have to do this anyway when you get a job so start now.

Deirdre Verne, Prof. at Westchester Community College, at 9:34 am EDT on September 23, 2005

Excuses

After reading this piece, I went to an old file and retrieved the following letter from a student who had neither come to class nor turned in any work. I have saved it for many years and finally have the perfect occasion to share it:

“Dr. Jacobs,

I haven’t been in class because I was sick for awhile. They thought at first that I had mono and then my grandmother died and I had to stay home and help out while my family sat shiva. Also, I have read every play and I did my papers. This class really intimidated me. My boyfriend actually fiancee broke up with me after 5 years becuase he got someone else pregnant and I felt awful after that and worthless. I didn’t really feel that I could handle going to your class. I will be there for the final.”

Rita Jacobs, Professor of English, at 2:55 pm EDT on September 23, 2005

As a CS undergrad, I once faced the opposite problem. The summer before I got married, I took a math class dealing with topics specific to computer science. Because of the distraction of pending nuptials, I didn’t do all that well during the term—but I pulled things together at the end and aced the final.

Result: the prof called me in and accused me of cheating (with no more evidence than the fact that I did so well on the final). The fact that I was attending on a National Merit Scholarship, had scored 800 (perfect) on the Math Level II AT entrance exams, etc., cut no slack. Beyond that, I don’t think I had ever cheated in a class in my life. He only gave me a ‘B’, even though my final score entitled me to a higher grade. Still rankles a bit 30 years later. ..bruce..

Bruce F. Webster, Reverse effect, at 2:55 pm EDT on September 26, 2005

As a professor, I have frequently been asked if I plan to do anything important in the next class. I have two responses: The one I give is: “I have spent my whole life preparing for that class. I think you should come.” The one I don’t have the guts to say is: “It’s OK to skip, you won’t understand the material anyway.”

Mel Kulbicki, at 2:29 pm EDT on September 27, 2005

I actually found this looking for a semiotics 101 primer for my class earlier this week, and it’s quickly made the rounds of my professors and fellow teaching assistants and peer facillitators (undergraduate TAs). Consensus is that this is one of the funniest things we’ve seen in a while.

When I started teaching a year ago, I immediately thought about my own issues with deadlines, and told students that as long as they kept me up to date about their progress BEFORE class, BEFORE the deadline, and they didn’t abuse it, they would find I’m incredibly sympathetic to life happening. In that time, I’ve had exactly one student try to take advantage... so I consider it a pretty good track record.

Kelly, at 9:45 pm EDT on October 7, 2005

excuses

Are you guys kidding? I get the excuses from all angles as an advisor, teacher, researcher, and PhD student. In 20 seconds, I got “What do you mean yesterday was the last day to drop? Do I have to stand in this line? I had a Dr. appointment yesterday. I didn’t know I was failing and I can’t ever reach my instructor,” all from one student.

The excuses from the other end are even better. As advisors, we need midterm grades for some of our “special” (read: flunking out) students. It’s actually pretty freakin hard to get a professor to give a student their current grade. Mind you, I can give MY students a grade whenever they wish because I use this nifty little program called Excel.

But the excuses from the self-important Primary Investigators are the BEST. “I need you to enter that two years worth of data now because I couldn’t program the database in the three weeks in which I said it could be done and there is a site visit in two weeks.” PI’s need to realize when they should retire rather than wasting more than one million dollars a year of taxpayers money on projects that aren’t planned and finished on time.

Jinny, other side at NVC, at 4:06 am EDT on April 18, 2007

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