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Designed to Please

If intelligent design gets taught in the college classroom, here are some other propositions we can look forward to:

Was Shakespeare the author of all those plays? Competing theories suggest that the Earl of Oxford, Francis Bacon, or even Queen Elizabeth herself penned those immortal lines. You be the judge. Henceforth, the prefaces to all those editions by “William Shakespeare” should be rewritten to give equal time to the alternate-authorship idea.

Does oxygen actually support that flickering candle flame, or is an invisible, weightless substance called phlogiston at work? First suggested by J. J. Becher near the end of the 17th century, the existence of phlogiston was eventually pooh-poohed by supporters of the oxygen hypothesis, but, as they say in the legal profession, the jury’s still out on this one.

Drop a candy bar on the sidewalk, and come back to find ants swarming all over it. Or put a piece of rotten meat in a cup and later find maggots in it, having come out of nowhere! This is called spontaneous generation. Biologists eventually decided that airborne spores, like little men from parachutes, wafted onto the food and set up shop there, but does that make any sense to you?

In the morning, the sun rises over the tree line, and by noon it’s directly overhead. At night, as the popular song has it, “I hate to see that evening sun go down.” Then why do so many people think that the earth moves instead of the sun? Could this be a grand conspiracy coincident with the rise of that Italian renegade Galileo, four centuries ago? Go out and look at the sunset! As they say, seeing is believing.

Proper grammar, the correct way of speaking, the expository essay model — how rigid and prescriptive! There are as many ways to talk as there are people on this good, green earth, and language is a living organism. Or like jazz, an endless symphony of improvisation. No speech is wrong, just different, and anyone who says otherwise is just showing an ugly bias that supports white hegemony.

“History is bunk,” declared the famous industrialist and great American Henry Ford. All those names and dates — why learn any of that when not even the so-called experts can agree on exactly what happened? Besides, most of those historical figures are dead by now, so what’s the point? From now on, all history departments must issue disclaimers, and anything presented as a narrative will be taught in the creative writing program.

Speaking of which, creative writing itself has long been controlled by a bunch of poets and fiction writers who determine who wins what in the world of letters. But who really knows whether the latest Nobel Prize winner is any better than, say, that last Tom Clancy novel you read. It all boils down to a matter of taste, doesn’t it?

Or what about that “Shakespeare"? Was he/she/it really any better than the Farrelly brothers? Let’s all take a vote on this, okay?

David Galef is a professor of English and administrator of the M.F.A. program in creative writing at the University of Mississippi. His latest book is the short story collection Laugh Track (2002).

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Comments

I think the question is, “Is the jury still out or not?”

Lets not miss that.

Great rhetoric, by the way. I couldn’t have obfuscated better myself.

Samwise, at 8:32 am EST on November 9, 2005

Credibility please?

I’m curious as to the person who is able to pontificate about science and intelligent design as an English professor. I didn’t see anything in his bio about a background in evolutionary science or in religion. So how is this person credible? Perhaps to illustrate to us a great lesson from his English courses...how to use slippery slopes and ad hominem fallacies.

Some may tell me that this was intended to be tongue-in-cheek humor, poking fun at an absurd debate. However, this article not only was not funny, it was demeaning to anyone who disagreed, insinuating that those who think that there may be a higher being than ourselves are ignorant bumpkins who just fell off the truck from the cornfields. Maybe they even believe that a person who predicts an eclipse is an all-powerful wizard who can call up a demon to swallow the sun!

If you’re going to be funny, try something more blatantly funny. This kind of “humor” was low for someone who is supposed to teach people how to think critically.

Gary, at 9:06 am EST on November 9, 2005

Obfuscation, indeed

Very good with words, Mr. Galef is, but science is obviously way off his turf. Evolution may be obvious, since we are different from our parents and mutation is just the way things work, but there is a great deal of debate, even among the evolutionists, about the processes involved, and EVIDENCE is required for every “scientific” statement. Should we insist upon “Unintelligent Design?” Ladies and gentlemen, where are our brains? There is nothing to fear from simply considering alternative theories.

Have a happy day!

Cal, at 9:13 am EST on November 9, 2005

language by design?

David Galef is an English professor who is right about science and very funny in his skewering of antiscientific thinking. But his grammar analogy needs tweaking. Language does vary by group, by context, by age, educational level, geography, gender, time, and other categories as well. There is in fact an entire academic discipline devoted to language variation, and we call it sociolinguistics.

Unfortunately, Galef dismisses such grammatical variation in his witty attack on the anti-evolutionist knowthingmongers, arguing a point the no one would contest, that standard and spoken English exist. But even those “standards” are highly variable — they vary across geography, by context, even from person to person, to the point where linguists discussing English as a global language speak of Englishes, not just English. It weakens Galef’s argument to promote a flat-earth theory of language while at the same time supporting the scientific method.

Dennis Baron, Prof of English and linguistics at Univ. of Illinois, at 9:28 am EST on November 9, 2005

Designed to please

Intelligent Design has NO place in a science classroom, nor in a scientific discussion. It belongs in a literature class since it can neither be proved nor disproved. Intelligent Design is a matter of faith, not science. Science can no longer exist with any clarity in the state of Kansas, and all of its graduates should be questioned as to the soundness of their learning.

Arthur Ide, PhD, at 10:49 am EST on November 9, 2005

My theory is that this article IS funny, unless one is an ignorant bumpkin who just fell off the truck from the cornfields. I don’t need any evidence for this; the voice in my head, which I call “God,” says so. Therefore, my argument is equally compelling as any other.

The evangelical nutjobs have already scored a huge win by “designing” this entire fallacious debate. They have successfully recast theological philosophy as theory and critical thought.

David, at 12:50 pm EST on November 9, 2005

Oh, my

The essay is not only funny, but exactly on point.

In earlier times, those who gain their power and lucre by exploiting the supernatural made exactly the afore-mentioned arguments against science.

Now, there is an entire pseudoscientific-industrial complex out there denying basic scientific facts.

And the sad thing is the cloaking of so much religious claptrap in the robes of testable science.

Evolution is no more a theory than is gravity, another apostasy that the fearful zealots once derided as invisible and contrary to the supernatural beliefs that succor them, and in many cases line their wallets.

Hans Laetz, Law student at Ventura College of Law, at 12:50 pm EST on November 9, 2005

Redefining reality

I echo Mr. Ide. Mr. Baron critiques Mr. Galef’s grammar analogy using arguments from the field of those that study English. If people in the evolution debate were doing the same thing and simply critiquing evolution based upon principles of science, this would be an objective and intellectual endeavor.

Including evidence already present in various fields of science that contradicts Darwin’s theory would be real, credible science and education. Study of our origins and the various debates surrounding it would be entirely valid while studying history, philosophy, anthropology, literature, religion and many other social sciences and liberal arts fields.

But “...the [Kansas school] board rewrote the definition of science, so that it is no longer limited to the search for natural explanations of phenomena” (CNN story at http://tinyurl.com/dk6jf). Redefining science so that an alternative idea can even be “legitimately” considered reduces the situation from objective and intellectual debate to a pure mockery and a sad moment in education. Whether their arguments are ultimately right or wrong, I would love to see more people like Mr. Baron who judge the merit of an argument using the content and principles of the discipline, not the injection of ideology into a chosen field when the debate has legitimate grounds for evaluation in other subjects of study.

Lucas, Wisconsin, at 12:54 pm EST on November 9, 2005

We Can’t Stand For That!

I read Professor Galef’s treatise about the academic implications of teaching Intelligent Design, sent it to a few friends, and then used Trillian to explore several additional implications with those friends. Thus the development and dissemination of knowledge ... great minds – the academic intelligentcia — exploring ideas together ... in this case, examining the possible consequences of a great theory like Intelligent Design. Oh my, it was a heady experience.

Subsequently, I read Gary’s critique and felt incredibly ashamed. First, I was embarrassed that I failed to recognize the weakness of Mr. Galef’s arguments ... as Gary did so accurately. And, second, I was equally embarrassed to know that “[by disagreeing with Intelligent Design I was] insinuating that those who think that there may be a higher being than ourselves are ignorant bumpkins ...”

I came to my senses ... and now I completely agree with Gary that “This kind of ‘humor’ was low for someone who is supposed to teach people how to think critically.”

On another subject – and, of course, my input is always personal – I was fired last year from a faculty position at a small, fairly mediocre, private university that does not have a tenure system. Personally, it was no big deal. On the other hand, I think it was a very big deal insofar as the role and responsibility of faculty members at a university is concerned. I had been a full-time faculty member at this university for four years, and I have more than forty years of full-time college and university teaching experience altogether.

And why was I fired? I’m fairly certain it was because I exhibit the unfortunate combination of (1) not being inclined to suffer fools lightly and (2) being inclined to write satirical essays. Frankly, I am amazed that as the character of university personnel – both faculty and administrators – has evolved over the years, the number and proportion of uninteresting, humorless individuals has increased significantly. Indeed, I can just see Gary, incensed at Jonathan Swift’s modest proposal (http://art-bin.com/art/omodest.html), firing off a letter to the Dean asking if she knew one of her faculty members advocated that the Irish poor should eat their children ... of course after breast-feeding them for twelve months, at which time they would weigh an average of twenty-eight pounds. No doubt the Dean would share Professor Swift’s essay with a psychiatrist to confirm that he is both mentally unstable and a threat to society.

Writing good satire is not easy. One wishes to push the cusp of “acceptability” just about as far as one can – as almost all great humorists do – all the while (1) making things “believable,” (2) making a relevant point, and (3) fooling some of the readers all of the time and all of the readers some of the time. It’s a tricky business and sometimes, even with the best of intentions, it turns out to be sophomoric. I thought Mr. Galef’s essay was just a bit sophomoric ... but, nevertheless, wonderfully outrageous. And he made an important point.

Okay, I’ve said enough about satire. Now how can I write a sentence that includes both “Gary” and my “not being willing to suffer fools lightly?”

RWH, at 1:04 pm EST on November 9, 2005

Interesting concept from a different perspective

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,1052-1860310,00.html

JD, at 2:16 pm EST on November 9, 2005

Today, I’m ashamed to be an intellectual. I absolutely cannot believe that there is no one else out there who is willing to step and say that academics should behave better than was exhibited in this article. In fact, those who do step up to the mic feel free to behave even more crudely than the author, himself.

Certainly, these similar arguments were made by advocates of religion...generations ago. Certainly, many of these people did so to line their own pockets and to frighten the populace...generations ago. But does that justify the same behavior by the academy today? Evidently, many people think that poor behavior in the past by theologians means that academics have their poor behavior now.

Some will say that evolution is as immutable as gravity. No one has been disputing that point. (red herring, please?) The dispute that we are discussing...the case at hand...is whether or not it ruins a student’s complete education to have a sentence or two of theological content in a science textbook and tell them that, if they want to think about it more, then can look somewhere else.

If you’re saying that ruins a student’s education, by that logic, then we should never mention anything in science class besides the content. No talk of families. That waters down the course. No talk of other classes. They are irrelevant. No combined well-rounded education where courses come together into a beautifully-woven tapestry of education and critical thought. Science is sacred. Science stands alone above all others. Science is infallible. Science is.....our religion?

I’m ashamed to be an intellectual today. I expected to see other “educated” individuals ready to jump to the defense of critical thought and invite others to further prove what they believe in. I guess that I was wrong. Academics are no better now than theologians were then....immersed in ego conflict because a core principle of their universe...their religion...was questioned.

Both of these ideas can coexist. It is not academically sacriligeous. The academy needs to get over itself and accept the point. Once, the academy and religion peacefully coexisted. Why is it so hard now?

Gary, at 8:47 am EST on November 10, 2005

Intelligence and Humor

It is well known that the relationship between being intelligent and having a good sense of humor is not well known. There are no definitive studies.

In a recent interview , the renowned scholar, Paul Cooijmans – who has contributed as much to intelligence testing as practically anyone – was asked “why does humor ‘work” and is it logical?”

He replied, “Humor is logical, it’s usually about absurd self-reference, contradictions, and so. It creates a kind of strange loop in the brain, which results in a kind of explosion, maybe a kind of harmless seizure.”

“Humor is also a sort of test. Many things can be feigned, but not sense of humor, let alone the ability to produce humor. Someone with ’social skills,’ ‘EQ,’ a suit, a haircut, a firm handshake and so on, can make a pretty good impression on whole lot of people. Such a person can feign erudition, importance, ability. But what you can NEVER feign is the ability to understand a good joke, let alone make one. You either laugh or you don’t. And that betrays you. And you never know it. In this respect it is also interesting to consider that in circles where IQ testing is frowned upon, humor is usually strictly forbidden as well!”

Sorry Gary ... and John ... and Stan ... and Tracy ... and ...

RWH, at 1:22 pm EST on November 10, 2005

bumpkins and flagellants

Oh, yeah, we all MUST teach intelligent design. Also, we MUST pray at the beginning of each class, not just in kiddy school, but in college as well. In grad school too. What kind of prayer? of course, something designed by intelligent design defenders, who else?

After the prayer, we should all leave the students watching episodes of “Gillingan’s Island” or “Alice in Wonderland” while we, faculty —of Humanities, Business, AND Sciences—congregate and proceed to flagellate ourselves in public, in front of each other. Shirts and blouses off. The whips singing in the air, alive. Can’t you picture it? it already gives me shivers of delight. It is such an intelligent design, I envy it myself.

And: Why? Simple: for daring to ever, ever, ever, have considered not teaching intelligent design. Or to have dared teach the students to think, to question, to read, to not accept everything that is fashionable at this political moment.

Country bumpkins, unite! Once my idea cathes on, there is a really good business opportunity making those whips with metal nails at the tip (flagello, for those who know its real name). Every academic will need one.

I figure after two or three years of this regimen, the country will be ready. Our well prepared students will conquer the world. And/or flatten it.

Bumpkins, unite! Our hour is near!

Mary, at 9:15 pm EST on November 10, 2005

Gary, and others so inclined: please be specific, even rigorous, when you use the word “theory.” Intelligent design is not a theory in the scientific sense of word, as it is incapable of testing or replicable proof. Intelligent design is only a theory in the common alternative sense of “guess,” roughly equivalent to “hypothesis” within the scientific method, in this case an untestable hypothesis.

Intentional use of a word as if two different senses are actually equivalent is the fallacy of equivocation, and argument simply should not be based upon intentional perpetuation of fallacy. That is deceit, and deceit is, within most moral systems, immoral.A corollary to this is that in future, persons wishing to make reference to “science” as defined by the Kansas Board of Education must indeed say that—"science as defined by the Kansas Board of Education"—to distinguish this meaning of the word from the far more widely accepted meaning. Attempting to confuse science without the scientific method (the Kansas definition) with science based in the scientific method would be deceitful and unethical.

Thane Doss, Yomiuri Culture Centers, Tokyo, Japan

BS Physics MA and ABD English Certified (Kansas) for secondary teaching of chemistry, English, math, and physics Past college instructor in astronomy, English, math, and physics Past college tutor of philosophy and statistics

But all of the above qualifications that really matters to this discussion is some study of logic, which could be acquired through English, math, or philosophy.

Thane Doss, at 4:35 am EST on November 11, 2005

David Galef is a citizen as well as an English Professor, and hence can speak on whatsoever he wishes. Happily he is a witty citizen, from whose wit we can all learn something.

Oliver Conant, at 1:12 pm EST on November 11, 2005

Intelligent Design

You know, I’d really like to say something intelligent about this debate, but I’m just so appalled at how stupid some of us Americans are, all I can say to you Intel Designers is, “What a bunch of jerks you really and truly are!” (And yes, you did just fall off the turnip truck and you’re ruining our society, our educational system and our international credibility as a nation with your religious fanaticism.) And for those of you who still believe that there’s a difference between Science on the one hand and Belief Systems on the other, I don’t understand why you’re still ruminating about all this —- just throw the bums out.

Lloyd Rain, at 5:27 am EST on November 12, 2005

designed to please

The author of the article says “Drop a candy bar on the sidewalk, and come back to find ants swarming all over it. Or put a piece of rotten meat in a cup and later find maggots in it, having come out of nowhere! This is called spontaneous generation. Biologists eventually decided that airborne spores, like little men from parachutes, wafted onto the food and set up shop there, but does that make any sense to you?”

It is curious to me, ironic even, that “spontaneous generation” as an explanatory device is subtly mocked as nonsensical; yet the macroevolutionary model explains, presumably intelligently and scientifically, that life itself began just so. No wonder many are saying “does that make any sense to you?”

orville, at 8:31 pm EST on November 12, 2005

I am amazed at the ferocity in this discussion on both sides. It amazes me that those advocating intelligent design would stuff it down the throats of everyone else. Fundamentally, it is a belief system. However, evolution is identical in that its proponents believe the antithesis of a “creator.” It too is a belief system, for there is no way to “prove” that life organized itself to evolve into what we see today.

Sadly, I hear the same perspective on the part of evolution proponents regarding other perspectives on “origins.” It appears that many ignorant people are engaging in this debate in a manner that is not flattering to either side. At the very core, neither side can prove its case more than any other. Our scientific investigations in the present are glimpses into the truth, but each person must make a decision. The travesty is that many people believe that only one position should be maintained. Accordingly, their position is the true position. Whatever happened to religious (or a-religious) freedom?

RAK, at 8:32 pm EST on November 12, 2005

Science as a ‘belief’ system

First, it is hilarious to see an IDer attack the author for not having a scientific degree. The bulk of IDers do not have much scientific credentials... Secondly, where in the world does this “science is a belief system” or “evolution is a belief system” just like religion? Does religion have rigourous methodology which subjects its assertions and assumptions to strenous doubt and skepticism? Science is a rigorous way of arriving at knowledge of phenomena. Evolution is both an empirical observation (yes, no one was there at the evolutions of life, but noone was there at the Big Band either but there is real, empirical evidence of both) and a theory which has been confirmed by a large body of evidence.The point of this article is that there are many, and were many, incorrect ‘competing’ theories on various phenomena. Many were wildly incorrect because instead of applying the scientific method to our world they were heavily influenced by religious or ideological assumptions. That is the situation we find ourselves in now...

Ken, Radford University, at 6:29 pm EST on November 13, 2005

Consider this: You are Man Friday walking down the beach and you come across a wrist watch lying in the sand. Even an uneducated man would not say that it must have simply evolved from the sand! If there is an Intelligent Designer behind the Universe and it isnt a case of “between the goo and you lies a whole zoo", then I would think that that Intelligent Being would have something to say about the set-in-stone science that we, as the ultimate peak of so-called evolution, so arrogantly purport to know so much about. Perhaps as a part of science we *should* take a closer look at Genesis I & II!

Brian Peacocke, Mr, at 4:39 am EST on November 16, 2005

Ken,

Are you saying that you believe that the Big Bang has been proven scientifically? I don’t think that you will find any scientist who would say this is the case (at least not an honest one). What is true is that people “believe” that the Big Bang fits the majority of the evidence. However, there is much bias on both sides against considering actual evidence.

Another major point, science can never “prove” something occurred. What can be done is the opposite (null hypothesis) can be disproven. From that standpoint, you would have to prove the evolution could not occur or, alternatively, that intelligent design could not occur to move toward a definitive answer. I agree that there is a large body of evidence out there. The problem is that the evidence can be interpreted both ways depending on your initial assumptions. Any one who says otherwise is putting far too much stock in their implicit assumptions. Ultimately, it comes down to an issue of faith. Do you believe that our existence was designed or do you believe that it just happened?

rak, at 7:51 am EST on November 19, 2005

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